Let M be a compact manifold and P = P(h) a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on M . Suppose that u(h) is a L^2 normalised family of functions such that P(h)u(h) is O(h) in L^2, as h goes to 0. Then, for any compact submanifold Y contained in M, we obtain estimates on the L^p norm of u(h) restricted to Y, with exponents that are sharp for h goes to 0. As part of the technical development we prove some extensions of the abstract Strichartz estimates of Keel and Tao.
In this note we analyse $L^{p}$ estimates for Laplacian eigenfunctions and quasimodes and their associated sharp examples. In particular we use previously determined estimates to produce a new set of estimates for restriction to thickened neighbourhoods of submanifolds. In addition we produce a family flat model quasimode examples that can be used to determine sharpness of estimates on Laplacian eigenfunctions restricted to subsets. For each quasimode in the family we show that there is a corresponding spherical harmonic that displays the same growth properties. Therefore it is enough to check…
We develop a set of $L^{p}$ estimates for functions $u$ that are a joint quasimodes (approximate eigenfunctions) of $r$ semiclassical pseudodifferential operators $p_{1}(x,hD),\dots,p_{r}(x,hD)$. This work extends Sarnak and Marshall's work on symmetric space to cover a more general class of manifolds/operators.
In this paper we develop $L^{p}$ estimates for functions $u$ which are joint quasimodes of semiclassical pseudodifferential operators $p_{1}(x,hD)$ and $p_{2}(x,hD)$ whose characteristic sets meet with $k$th order contact, $k\geq{}1$. As part of the technical development we use Fourier integral operators to adapt a flat wavelet analysis to the curved level sets of $p_{1}(x,ξ)$.
We prove optimal pointwise bounds on quasimodes of semiclassical Schrodinger operators with arbitrary smooth real potentials in dimension two. This end-point estimate was left open in the general study of semiclassical Lp bounds conducted by Koch-Tataru-Zworski. However, we show that their results imply the two dimensional end-point estimate by scaling and localization.
We prove quantitative unique continuation results for the semiclassical Schrodinger operator on smooth, compact domains. These take the form of exponentially decreasing (in h) local L^{2} lower bounds for exponentially precise quasimodes. We also show that these lower bounds are sharp in h, and that, moreover, the hypothesized quasimode accuracy is also sharp.
We prove a strong conditional unique continuation estimate for irreducible quasimodes in rotationally invariant neighbourhoods on compact surfaces of revolution. The estimate states that Laplace quasimodes which cannot be decomposed as a sum of other quasimodes have $L^2$ mass bounded below by $C_ελ^{-1 - ε}$ for any $ε>0$ on any open rotationally invariant neighbourhood which meets the semiclassical wavefront set of the quasimode. For an analytic manifold, we conclude the same estimate with a lower bound of $C_δλ^{-1 + δ}$ for some fixed $δ>0$.
In this work, concentration properties of quasimodes for perturbed semiclassical harmonic oscillators are studied. The starting point of this research comes from the fact that, in the presence of resonances between frequencies of the harmonic oscillator and for a generic bounded perturbation, the set of semiclassical measures for quasimodes of sufficiently small width is strictly smaller than the corresponding set of semiclassical measures for the unperturbed system. In this work we precise the description of this set taking into account the Diophantine properties of the vector of frequencies,…
We construct quasimodes for some non-selfadjoint semiclassical operators at the boundary of the pseudo-spectrum using propagation of Hagedorn wave-packets. Assuming that the imaginary part of the principal symbol of the operator is non-negative and vanishes on certain points of the phase-space satisfying a subelliptic finite-type condition, we construct quasimodes that concentrate on these non-damped points. More generally, we apply this technique to construct quasimodes for non-selfadjoint semiclassical perturbations of the harmonic oscillator that concentrate on non-damped periodic orbits or…
We consider a semiclassical (pseudo)differential operator on a compact surface $(M,g)$, such that the Hamiltonian flow generated by its principal symbol admits a hyperbolic periodic orbit $γ$ at some energy $E_0$. For any $ε>0$, we then explicitly construct families of quasimodes of this operator, satisfying an energy width of order $ε\frac{h}{|\log h|}$ in the semiclassical limit, but which still exhibit a "strong scar" on the orbit $γ$, i.e. that these states have a positive weight in any microlocal neighbourhood of $γ$. We pay attention to optimizing the constants involved in the estimates.…
Let $N$ be a compact hyperbolic manifold, $M\subset N$ an embedded totally geodesic submanifold, and let $-\hbar^2Δ_{N}$ be the semiclassical Laplace--Beltrami operator. For any $\varepsilon>0$, we explicitly construct families of \emph{quasimodes} of spectral width at most $\varepsilon\frac{\hbar}{|\log\hbar|}$ which exhibit a "strong scar" on $M$ in that their microlocal lifts converge weakly to a probability measure which places positive weight on $S^*M$ ($\hookrightarrow S^*N$). An immediate corollary is that \emph{any} invariant measure on $S^*N$ occurs in the ergodic decomposition of the…
This note deals with semiclassical measures associated to {(sufficiently accurate)} quasimodes $(u_h)$ for the Laplace-Dirichlet operator on the disk. In this time-independent set-up, we simplify the statements of our preprint arXiv:1406.0681 and their proofs. We describe the restriction of semiclassical measures to every invariant torus in terms of two-microlocal measures. As corollaries, we show regularity and delocalization properties for limit measures of $|u_h|^2 dx$: these are absolutely continuous in the interior of the disk and charge every open set intersecting the boundary.
Let M be a compact manifold of dimension n, P = P(h) a semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on M, and u = u(h) an L^2 normalised family of functions such that Pu is O(h) in L^2(M) as h goes to 0. Let H be a compact submanifold of M. In a previous article, the second-named author proved estimates on the L^p norms, p > 2, of u restricted to H, under the assumption that the u are semiclassically localised and under some natural structural assumptions about the principal symbol of P. These estimates are of the form Ch^d(n;k;p) where k=dimH (except for a logarithmic divergence in the case k = …
In this article we study the semiclassical resolvent estimate for the non-selfadjoint Baouendi-Grushin operator on the two-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^2=\mathbb{R}^2/(2π\mathbb{Z})^2$ with Hölder dampings. The operator is subelliptic degenerating along the vertical direction at $x=0$. We exhibit three different situations: (i) the damping region verifies the geometric control condition with respect to both the non-degenerate Hamiltonian flow and the vertical subelliptic flow; (ii) the undamped region contains a horizontal strip; (iii) the undamped part is a line. In all of these situations, …
The pseudospectra (or spectral instability) of non-selfadjoint operators is a topic of current interest in applied mathematics. In fact, for non-selfadjoint operators the resolvent could be very large outside the spectrum, making the numerical computation of the complex eigenvalues very hard. This has importance, for example, in quantum mechanics, random matrix theory and fluid dynamics. The occurence of pseudospectra for non-selfadjoint semiclassical differential operators is due to the existence of quasimodes, i.e., approximate local solutions to the eigenvalue problem. For scalar operators,…
We define classes of quantum states associated to isotropic submanifolds of cotangent bundles. The classes are stable under the action of semiclassical pseudo-differential operators and covariant under the action of semiclassical Fourier integral operators. We develop a semiclassical symbol calculus for them; the symbols are symplectic spinors. We outline various applications.
Let $P_h$ be a self-adjoint semiclassical pseudodifferential operator on a manifold $M$ such that the bicharacteristic flow of the principal symbol on $T^*M$ is completely integrable and the subprincipal symbol of $P_h$ vanishes. Consider a semiclassical family of eigenfunctions, or, more generally, quasimodes $u_h$ of $P_h.$ We show that on a nondegenerate rational invariant torus, Lagrangian regularity of $u_h$ (regularity under test operators characteristic on the torus) propagates both along bicharacteristics, and also in an additional ``diffractive'' manner. In particular, in addition to …
We consider the resolvent on asymptotically Euclidean warped product manifolds in an appropriate 0-Gevrey class, with trapped sets consisting of only finitely many components. We prove that the high-frequency resolvent is either bounded by $C_ε|λ|^ε$ for any $ε>0$, or blows up faster than any polynomial (at least along a subsequence). A stronger result holds if the manifold is analytic. The method of proof is to exploit the warped product structure to separate variables, obtaining a one-dimensional semiclassical Schrödinger operator. We then classify the microlocal resolvent behaviour associat…
We develop a second-microlocal calculus of pseudodifferential operators in the semiclassical setting. These operators test for Lagrangian regularity of semiclassical families of distributions on a manifold $X$ with respect to a Lagrangian submanifold of $T^*X.$ The construction of the calculus, closely analogous to one performed by Bony in the setting of homogeneous Lagrangians, proceeds via the consideration of a model case, that of the zero section of $T^*\mathbb{R}^n,$ and conjugation by appropriate Fourier integral operators. We prove a propagation theorem for the associated wavefront set …
We develop a semiclassical second microlocal calculus of pseudodifferential operators associated to linear coisotropic submanifolds $\mathcal{C}\subset T^* \mathbb{T}^n$, where $\mathbb{T}^n = \mathbb{R}^n / \mathbb{Z}^n$. First microlocalization is localization in phase space $T^* \mathbb{T}^n$; second microlocalization is finer localization near a submanifold of $T^* \mathbb{T}^n$. Our second microlocal operators test distributions on $\mathbb{T}^n$ (e.g., Laplace eigenfunctions) for a coisotropic wavefront set, a second microlocal measure of absence of \emph{coisotropic regularity}. This wa…
We consider operators $-Δ+ X$ where $X$ is a constant vector field, in a bounded domain and show spectral instability when the domain is expanded by scaling. More generally, we consider semiclassical elliptic boundary value problems which exhibit spectral instability for small values of the semiclassical parameter h, which should be thought of as the reciprocal of the Peclet constant. This instability is due to the presence of the boundary: just as in the case of $-Δ+ X$, some of our operators are normal when considered on R^d. We characterize the semiclassical pseudospectrum of such problems …
For a large class of semiclassical operators $P(h)-z$ which includes Schrödinger operators on manifolds with boundary, we construct the Quantum Monodromy operator $M(z)$ associated to a periodic orbit $γ$ of the classical flow. Using estimates relating $M(z)$ and $P(h)-z$, we prove semiclassical estimates for small complex perturbations of $P(h) -z$ in the case $γ$ is semi-hyperbolic. As our main application, we give logarithmic lower bounds on the mass of eigenfunctions away from semi-hyperbolic orbits of the associated classical flow. As a second application of the Monodromy Operator constru…
We study semiclassical Gevrey pseudodifferential operators, acting on exponentially weighted spaces of entire holomorphic functions. The symbols of such operators are Gevrey functions defined on suitable I-Lagrangian submanifolds of the complexified phase space, which are extended almost holomorphically in the same Gevrey class, or in some larger space, to complex neighborhoods of these submanifolds. Using almost holomorphic extensions, we obtain uniformly bounded realizations of such operators on a natural scale of exponentially weighted spaces of holomorphic functions for all Gevrey indices,…
We seek to extend work by Christianson-Hassell-Toth \cite{CHT} on restrictions of Neumann data of Laplacian eigenfunctions to interior hypersurfaces to a general semiclassical setting. In the semiclassical regime the appropriate generalisation is to study the restrictions of the function $v=ν(x,hD)u$ where $ν(x,hD)$ is the operator defined by quantising the normal velocity observable. For the Laplacian $ν(x,hD)=\frac{1}{2}hD_ν$ where $ν$ is the normal to the hypersurface. We find that $||ν(x,hD)u||_{L^{2}(H)}\lesssim||u||_{L^{2}(M)}$ provided $u$ is an $O_{L^{2}}(h)$ quasimode of the semiclass…
We establish the existence of semiclassical states for a nonlinear Klein-Gordon-Maxwell-Proca system in static form, with Proca mass 1 on a closed Riemannian manifold. Our results include manifolds of arbitrary dimension and allow supercritical nonlinearities. In particular, we exhibit a large class of 3-dimensional manifolds on which the system has semiclassical solutions for every exponent p>2. The solutions we obtain concentrate at closed submanifolds of positive dimension as the singular perturbation parameter goes to zero
In the semiclassical limit, it is well-known that the first eigenvector of a Toeplitz operator concentrates on the minimal set of the symbol. In this paper, we give a more precise criterion for concentration in the case where the minimal set of the symbol is a submanifold, in the spirit of the "miniwell condition" of Helffer-Sj{ö}strand.
