Action作为压力脉冲在轴质中传播的潜力
Action potential as a pressure pulse propagating in the axoplasm
摘要：
我们认为，动作电位的传播是由压力脉冲沿轴突长度在轴质中传播驱动的。压力脉冲机械地激活嵌入轴突膜中的Na离子通道。这种激活启动了局部膜电压尖峰的发展，如在动作电位的Hodgkin-Huxley模型中。细胞外Ca离子在电压尖峰期间流入触发放大压力脉冲的机制，从而防止其粘性衰减。该模型能够解释许多在Hodgkin-Huxley框架内无法解释的现象：麻醉剂有效性的Meyer-Overton规则，以及伴随动作电位的各种机械，光学和热力学现象。该模型正确地预测了神经冲动的传播速度，包括其对轴突直径、髓鞘形成程度和温度的依赖。
英文摘要：
We suggest that the propagation of the action potential is driven by a pressure pulse propagating in the axoplasm along the axon length. The pressure pulse mechanically activates Na ion channels embedded in the axon membrane. This activation initiates the development of a local membrane voltage spike, as in the Hodgkin-Huxley model of the action potential. Extracellular Ca ions influxing during the voltage spike trigger a mechanism that amplifies the pressure pulse and therefore prevents its viscous decay. The model is able to explain a number of phenomena that are unexplained within the Hodgkin-Huxley framework: the Meyer-Overton rule for the effectiveness of anesthetics, as well as various mechanical, optical and thermodynamic phenomena accompanying the action potential. The model correctly predicts the velocity of propagation of the nerve impulse, including its dependence on axon diameter, degree of myelination and temperature.
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