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arXiv 0905.0070astro-ph.SR
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分辨率和氦丰度对A星表面对流模拟的影响

Effects of resolution and helium abundance in A star surface convection simulations

F. Kupka, J. Ballot, H. J. Muthsam

摘要:

我们目前的结果从二维辐射流体动力学模拟完全可压缩对流的A型星的表面层与ANTARES代码。光球对流速度场的光谱指标显示在Teff ~8000 K附近速度最大。在这个范围内,最大的值是在Am星的子群中测量的。到目前为止,没有预测模型,无论是理论还是数值,能够准确地再现在该温度范围内的尖锐线A和Am星的线轮廓。一般来说,A星的氦丰度无法从观测中得知。因此,我们在模拟中考虑了两种极端情况:太阳氦丰度作为上限,氦丰度为零作为下限。模拟的氦自由的情况下,发现不同的情况下,太阳氦丰度较大的速度,较大的流动结构,并通过一个符号反转的氢电离区内的动能通量。这两个模拟显示扩展冲击波前出现的光学表面,以及混合远低于该地区的部分电离氢,和垂直振荡后出现的初始扰动已被阻尼。我们讨论了与A型星表面快速辐射冷却有关的问题,如分辨率和有效弛豫。目前的工作被认为是朝着系统研究A至F型恒星中的对流迈出的一步,这是受到来自星震学飞行任务和高分辨率光谱学的关于这些天体的新数据的鼓舞。

英文摘要:

We present results from 2D radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of fully compressible convection for the surface layers of A-type stars with the ANTARES code. Spectroscopic indicators for photospheric convective velocity fields show a maximum of velocities near Teff ~8000 K. In that range the largest values are measured for the subgroup of Am stars. Thus far, no prognostic model, neither theoretical nor numerical, is able to exactly reproduce the line profiles of sharp line A and Am stars in that temperature range. In general, the helium abundance of A stars is not known from observations. Hence, we have considered two extreme cases for our simulations: a solar helium abundance as an upper limit and zero helium abundance as a lower limit. The simulation for the helium free case is found to differ from the case with solar helium abundance by larger velocities, larger flow structures, and by a sign reversal of the flux of kinetic energy inside the hydrogen ionisation zone. Both simulations show extended shock fronts emerging from the optical surface, as well as mixing far below the region of partial ionisation of hydrogen, and vertical oscillations emerging after initial perturbations have been damped. We discuss problems related to the rapid radiative cooling at the surface of A-type stars such as resolution and efficient relaxation. The present work is considered as a step towards a systematic study of convection in A- to F-type stars, encouraged by the new data becoming available for these objects from both asteroseismological missions and from high resolution spectroscopy.

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