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arXiv 0904.3970astro-ph.CO
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磁场对原始恒星形成热力学的影响

The influence of magnetic fields on the thermodynamics of primordial star formation

Dominik R. G. Schleicher, Daniele Galli, Simon C. O. Glover, Robi Banerjee, Francesco Palla, Raffaella Schneider, Ralf S. Klessen

摘要:

我们探讨了磁能耗散对第一批恒星形成的影响。为此目的,我们遵循的磁场的存在下,在后重组宇宙的原始化学的演变,直到第一维里化晕的形成。从维里化的观点出发,我们在一个单区模型中跟踪原恒星坍缩到$\sim10^{12}$ cm $^{-3}$的密度。在星系际介质(IGM)中,$\gtrsim0.1$ nG的同向磁场强度导致$10^8 M_\odot$或更大的金斯质量,从而延迟第一晕中的引力坍缩,直到它们有足够的质量。在原恒星坍缩过程中,我们发现在密度为$\sim10^3$ cm $^{-3}$时的温度最低值不会发生显著变化,因此碎片化的特征质量尺度不会受到影响。然而,我们发现一个显着的温度增加,在更高的密度为$\gtrsim0.1$ nG的共动场强度。这可以延迟引力坍缩,特别是在$\sim10^9$ cm $^{-3}$的密度下,其中质子丰度快速下降,并且对双极扩散电阻率的主要贡献是由于与Li $^+$的碰撞。在原恒星形成后,气体温度的升高可能会提高原恒星的吸积速率。我们的模型证实,初始弱磁场可能会大大放大,在引力坍缩,并成为动态相关。例如,高于$10^{-5}$ nG的同向磁场强度将被放大到高于能够磁化IGM的射流开始的临界值。

英文摘要:

We explore the effects of magnetic energy dissipation on the formation of the first stars. For this purpose, we follow the evolution of primordial chemistry in the presence of magnetic fields in the post-recombination universe until the formation of the first virialized halos. From the point of virialization, we follow the protostellar collapse up to densities of $\sim10^{12}$ cm$^{-3}$ in a one-zone model. In the intergalactic medium (IGM), comoving field strengths of $\gtrsim0.1$ nG lead to Jeans masses of $10^8 M_\odot$ or more and thus delay gravitational collapse in the first halos until they are sufficiently massive. During protostellar collapse, we find that the temperature minimum at densities of $\sim10^3$ cm$^{-3}$ does not change significantly, such that the characteristic mass scale for fragmentation is not affected. However, we find a significant temperature increase at higher densities for comoving field strengths of $\gtrsim0.1$ nG. This may delay gravitational collapse, in particular at densities of $\sim10^9$ cm$^{-3}$, where the proton abundance drops rapidly and the main contribution to the ambipolar diffusion resistivity is due to collisions with Li$^+$. After the formation of the protostar, the increased gas temperatures may enhance the protostellar accretion rate. Our model confirms that initial weak magnetic fields may be amplified considerably during gravitational collapse and become dynamically relevant. For instance, a comoving field strength above $10^{-5}$ nG will be amplified above the critical value for the onset of jets which can magnetize the IGM.

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