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arXiv 0904.0086cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.other
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旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的激发自旋态和相分离

Excited spin states and phase separation in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates

Michal Matuszewski, Tristram J. Alexander, Yuri S. Kivshar

摘要:

我们分析了在均匀磁场中自旋为1的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的结构。我们对齐次定态进行了分类,并研究了它们的存在性、分岔和能谱。结果表明,极性凝聚体的基态可以发生相分离,而铁磁凝聚体的自旋成分总是互溶的,不发生相分离。我们的理论模型,证实了数值模拟,解释了这种现象发生时,最低的均匀状态的能量是一个凹函数的磁化。特别是,我们预测,相分离可以观察到在一个$^{23}$钠冷凝物限制在一个高度拉长的谐波陷阱。最后,我们讨论了动力学不稳定性和自旋畴的形成现象。

英文摘要:

We analyze the structure of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of a homogenous magnetic field. We classify the homogenous stationary states and study their existence, bifurcations, and energy spectra. We reveal that the phase separation can occur in the ground state of polar condensates, while the spin components of the ferromagnetic condensates are always miscible and no phase separation occurs. Our theoretical model, confirmed by numerical simulations, explains that this phenomenon takes place when the energy of the lowest homogenous state is a concave function of the magnetization. In particular, we predict that phase separation can be observed in a $^{23}$Na condensate confined in a highly elongated harmonic trap. Finally, we discuss the phenomena of dynamical instability and spin domain formation.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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