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arXiv 1107.2672cond-mat.quant-gascond-mat.otherphysics.atom-ph
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F=1 $^{87}$ Rb旋量玻色气体自旋织构的长时间尺度动力学

Long timescale dynamics of spin textures in a degenerate F=1 $^{87}$ Rb spinor Bose gas

J. Guzman, G. -B. Jo, A. N. Wenz, K. W. Murch, C. K. Thomas, D. M. Stamper-Kurn

摘要:

我们研究了自旋织构的长期动力学,通过冷却F=1 $^{87}$ Rb的非磁化旋量气体到量子简并,观察畴粗化和二次塞曼位移$q$的平衡动力学的强烈依赖。对于小的值的$|q|$,纹理到达一个配置独立的初始自旋状态的组成,其特征在于大的长度尺度的自旋域,并建立易轴(负$q$)或易平面(正$q$)的磁各向异性。对于较大的$|q|$,平衡被延迟,因为简并旋量气体的自旋态组成保持接近其初始值。这些观测结果支持了铁磁旋量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的平均场平衡相图预测,但也说明了平衡是在一个狭窄的实验设置范围内实现的,使得F=1 $^{87}$ Rb气体更适合于非平衡量子动力学的研究。

英文摘要:

We investigate the long-term dynamics of spin textures prepared by cooling unmagnetized spinor gases of F=1 $^{87}$Rb to quantum degeneracy, observing domain coarsening and a strong dependence of the equilibration dynamics on the quadratic Zeeman shift $q$. For small values of $|q|$, the textures arrive at a configuration independent of the initial spin-state composition, characterized by large length-scale spin domains, and the establishment of easy-axis (negative $q$) or easy-plane (positive $q$) magnetic anisotropy. For larger $|q|$, equilibration is delayed as the spin-state composition of the degenerate spinor gas remains close to its initial value. These observations support the mean-field equilibrium phase diagram predicted for a ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, but also illustrate that equilibration is achieved under a narrow range of experimental settings, making the F=1 $^{87}$Rb gas more suitable for studies of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics.

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