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arXiv 0903.2912astro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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银河系中心年轻恒星的动力学演化:S星的N体模拟

Dynamical evolution of the young stars in the Galactic center: N-body simulations of the S-stars

Hagai B. Perets, Alessia Gualandris, Gabor Kupi, David Merritt, Tal Alexander

摘要:

我们使用N-体模拟研究恒星的轨道偏心率的演变(<0.05 pc)附近的银河系大质量黑洞(MBH)沉积,从初始条件的动机两个竞争的模型为他们的起源:形成在一个磁盘,然后向内迁移;和交换的相互作用,涉及一个双星。第一个模型预测的离心率适中,低于在S星团中观察到的离心率,而第二个模型预测的离心率高于观察到的离心率。N体模拟包括一个密集的10 M太阳恒星黑洞(SBH),预计将积累附近的MBH的质量分离。来自SBH的扰动往往会使恒星轨道随机化,部分消除其起源的动力学特征。最初高偏心率恒星的偏心率在2000万年(S星寿命)内演化到与观测到的偏心率分布在~ 95%水平上一致的分布。相反,最初更圆的轨道的偏心率未能演变到2000万年的观测值,反对磁盘迁移的情况。我们发现,20%-30%的S-星的潮汐被打乱的MBH在他们的生活中,和S-星是不太可能被抛出的超高速恒星以外的中央0.05 pc的近距离遭遇恒星黑洞。

英文摘要:

We use N-body simulations to study the evolution of the orbital eccentricities of stars deposited near (<0.05 pc) the Milky Way massive black hole (MBH), starting from initial conditions motivated by two competing models for their origin: formation in a disk followed by inward migration; and exchange interactions involving a binary star. The first model predicts modest eccentricities, lower than those observed in the S-star cluster, while the second model predicts higher eccentricities than observed. The N-body simulations include a dense cluster of 10 M_sun stellar black holes (SBHs), expected to accumulate near the MBH by mass segregation. Perturbations from the SBHs tend to randomize the stellar orbits, partially erasing the dynamical signatures of their origin. The eccentricities of the initially highly eccentric stars evolve, in 20 Myr (the S-star lifespan), to a distribution that is consistent at the ~95 % level with the observed eccentricity distribution. In contrast, the eccentricities of the initially more circular orbits fail to evolve to the observed values in 20 Myr, arguing against the disk migration scenario. We find that 20 % - 30 % of the S-stars are tidally disrupted by the MBH over their lifetimes, and that the S-stars are not likely to be ejected as hypervelocity stars outside the central 0.05 pc by close encounters with stellar black holes.

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