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arXiv 0903.1695math.GT
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充分复杂三维流形的Heegaard分裂I:稳定化

Heegaard splittings of sufficiently complicated 3-manifolds I: Stabilization

David Bachman

摘要:

我们构建家庭对Heegaard分裂,必须稳定几次,成为等价的。第一个这样的对只在方向上不同。这些是一个封闭的3-流形的亏格n分裂,必须稳定至少n-2次才能等价。第二类是具有环面边界的流形的一对亏格n分裂,它们必须至少稳定n-4次才能等价。最后一个例子是一对亏格n分裂的封闭3-流形,必须稳定至少${1/2}n -3$倍,成为等价的,无论他们的方向。所有这些例子都是流形的分裂,这些流形是通过“足够复杂”的映射沿着不可压缩曲面粘合而从较简单的流形获得的。

英文摘要:

We construct families of pairs of Heegaard splittings that must be stabilized several times to become equivalent. The first such pair differs only by their orientation. These are genus n splittings of a closed 3-manifold that must be stabilized at least n-2 times to become equivalent. The second is a pair of genus n splittings of a manifold with toroidal boundary that must be stabilized at least n-4 times to become equivalent. The last example is a pair of genus n splittings of a closed 3-manifold that must be stabilized at least ${1/2}n -3$ times to become equivalent, regardless of their orientations. All of these examples are splittings of manifolds that are obtained from simpler manifolds by gluing along incompressible surfaces via "sufficiently complicated" maps.

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