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arXiv 0903.1247astro-ph.SR
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织女星上存在磁场的第一个证据。一类新的A型磁性星

First evidence of a magnetic field on Vega. Towards a new class of magnetic A-type stars

F. Lignieres, P. Petit, T. Bohm, M. Auriere

摘要:

我们报告的检测磁场织女星通过分光偏振观测。我们获得了257斯托克斯V,高信噪比和高分辨率阶梯光谱在连续四个晚上与NARVAL分光偏振计在2米望远镜伯纳德Lyot天文台杜Pic杜Midi(法国)。在组合每个光谱的约1200条谱线的贡献并对257个光谱上的信号求和之后,明确地检测到线轮廓中的圆偏振信号。由于极化信号的低幅度,已经进行了各种测试以排除伪极化信号的可能性。它们都指向偏振信号的恒星来源。将此极化解释为塞曼特征,得到表面磁场的圆盘平均视线分量的$-0.6 \pm 0.3$ G值。这是第一个强有力的证据表明,一个磁场在A型恒星,这不是一个Ap化学奇特的恒星。此外,这个纵向磁场比最弱磁性的Ap星的纵向磁场(在最大相位时)小两个数量级。类似于织女星磁场的磁场可能存在,但在许多其他A型恒星中仍未被发现。

英文摘要:

We report the detection of a magnetic field on Vega through spectropolarimetric observations. We acquired 257 Stokes V, high signal-to-noise and high-resolution echelle spectra during four consecutive nights with the NARVAL spectropolarimeter at the 2-m Telescope Bernard Lyot of Observatoire du Pic du Midi (France). A circularly polarized signal in line profiles is unambiguously detected after combining the contribution of about 1200 spectral lines for each spectrum and summing the signal over the 257 spectra. Due to the low amplitude of the polarized signal, various tests have been performed to discard the possibility of a spurious polarized signal. They all point towards a stellar origin of the polarized signal. Interpreting this polarization as a Zeeman signature leads to a value of $-0.6 \pm 0.3$ G for the disk-averaged line-of-sight component of the surface magnetic field. This is the first strong evidence of a magnetic field in an A-type star which is not an Ap chemically peculiar star. Moreover, this longitudinal magnetic field is smaller by about two orders of magnitude than the longitudinal magnetic field (taken at its maximum phase) of the most weakly magnetic Ap stars. Magnetic fields similar to the Vega magnetic field could be present but still undetected in many other A-type stars.

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