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arXiv 1708.04548astro-ph.SR
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Vega上的光斑分布和快速表面演化

Spot distribution and fast surface evolution on Vega

P. Petit, E. M. Hébrard, T. Böhm, C. P. Folsom, F. Lignières

摘要:

最近从织女星A星的高节奏观测中发现了表面斑点的光谱特征。我们的目标是约束这些光球不均匀性的表面分布,并调查可能的短期演变的斑点图案。使用连续五个晚上收集的数据,我们采用多普勒成像方法重建三个不同的恒星表面的地图,从整个时间序列的三个连续的子集。表面图显示了暗点和亮点的复杂分布,覆盖了恒星表面的大部分可见部分。在所有三张地图中,许多表面特征都得到了一致的恢复,但其他特征似乎在观察的时间跨度内发生了变化,这表明快速的变化最多可以在几天内影响织女星的表面。短期演变可以观察到个别斑点的出现或消失,也可能表现为纬向气流,低纬和高纬带的旋转速度比中纬快。将表面亮度活动与先前为织女星重建的复杂磁场拓扑结构联系起来是很有吸引力的,尽管严格同步的亮度和磁场图将是评估这种潜在联系所必需的。

英文摘要:

Spectral signatures of surface spots were recently discovered from high cadence observations of the A star Vega. We aim at constraining the surface distribution of these photospheric inhomogeneities, and investigating a possible short term evolution of the spot pattern. Using data collected over five consecutive nights, we employ the Doppler Imaging method to reconstruct three different maps of the stellar surface, from three consecutive subsets of the whole time-series. The surface maps display a complex distribution of dark and bright spots, covering most of the visible fraction of the stellar surface. A number of surface features are consistently recovered in all three maps, but other features seem to evolve over the time span of observations, suggesting that fast changes can affect the surface of Vega within a few days at most. The short-term evolution is observed as emergence or disappearance of individual spots, and may also show up as zonal flows, with low-latitude and high latitude belts rotating faster than intermediate latitudes. It is tempting to relate the surface brightness activity to the complex magnetic field topology previously reconstructed for Vega, although strictly simultaneous brightness and magnetic maps will be necessary to assess this potential link.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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