Mass spectrum of the vector hidden charm and bottom tetraquark states
Zhi-Gang Wang
本文利用QCD求和规则，对矢量隐粲底四夸克态的质量谱进行了系统的研究。
In this article, we perform a systematic study of the mass spectrum of the vector hidden charmed and bottomed tetraquark states using the QCD sum rules.
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The masses of tetraquark states of all $qc\bar q \bar c$ and $cc\bar c \bar c$ quark configurations are evaluated in a constituent quark model, where the Cornell-like potential and one-gluon exchange spin-spin coupling are employed. All model parameters are predetermined by comparing the theoretical and experimental masses of light, charmed and bottom mesons. The theoretical predictions of the charmoniumlike tetraquarks are compared with the observed $XYZ$ states, and one tentative assignment is suggested. The work suggests that the $X(6900)$ observed by LHCb is likely to be the first radial e…
Mass spectrum of the axial-vector hidden charmed and hidden bottom tetraquark states
本文利用QCD求和规则对轴矢量隐粲和隐底四夸克态的质量谱进行了系统的研究，并初步确定了$Z^+(4430)$是一种轴矢量四夸克态.
Widths of tetraquarks with hidden charm
在耦合道形式主义的框架下得到了相对论性四夸克方程。研究了介子-介子态与四夸克态的动力学混合。构造了包含u、d、s和粲夸克在内的具有隐魅的四夸克的四夸克振幅。这些振幅的极点决定了四夸克的质量和宽度。
Excited heavy tetraquarks with hidden charm
在相对论双夸克-反双夸克图象中计算了激发态隐魅重四夸克态的质量。在重-轻双夸克中，轻夸克的动力学是完全相对论性的。通过计算双夸克-胶子形状因子考虑了双夸克结构。讨论了开粲阈以上类粲素态的新实验数据。结果表明，X（3872），Y（4260），Y（4360），Z（4248），Z（4433）和Y（4660）可能是具有隐魅的四夸克态.
Production and detection of doubly charmed tetraquarks
研究了四夸克态探测的可行性。对于cc \bar{u} \bar{d}四夸克态，我们表明，在目前（SELEX，Tevatron，RHIC）和未来的设施（LHCb，ALICE）的生产率是有希望的，我们提出了一些可检测的衰变通道。
Negative parity tetraquarks with the open charm
在耦合道形式主义的框架下得到了相对论性四夸克方程。研究了介子-介子态与四夸克态的动力学混合。构造了包括三种味夸克（u，d，s）和粲夸克在内的负宇称四夸克的四夸克振幅。这些振幅的极点决定了四夸克的质量。本文计算了自旋宇称为JP = 0-，1-，2-，3-的四夸克态的质量。
Reanalysis of the mass spectrum of the scalar hidden charm and hidden bottom tetraquark states
本文用QCD求和规则研究了由轴-轴型和矢量-矢量型双夸克对组成的标量隐魅态和隐底四夸克态的质量谱。
Relativistic model of hidden bottom tetraquarks
在双夸克-反双夸克图象下，建立了具有隐底的基态和激发态重四夸克态的相对论模型。通过用双夸克波函数计算双夸克胶子顶点来考虑双夸克结构。对粲四夸克候选者的底对应体的质量给出了预测。
Masses and widths of scalar tetraquarks with hidden bottom
在耦合道形式主义的框架下得到了相对论性四夸克方程。研究了介子-介子态与四夸克态的动力学混合。构造了包含u、d、s和底夸克的隐底四夸克态的四夸克振幅。这些振幅的极点决定了四夸克的质量和宽度。
The discovery in July 2020 of fully-charm tetraquark led to the need for its theoretical explanation. For investigation of such complex four-quark formation, the modern mathematical apparatus of the theory of derived categories is used. By representing diquarks as solitonic objects in terms of sheaves, one can explain the measured mass of the broad resonance of fully-charm tetraquarks consisting of di-charmonia.
S-wave bottom tetraquarks
在耦合道形式主义的框架下得到了相对论性四夸克方程。研究了介子-介子态与四夸克态的动力学混合。构造了四夸克态（包括$u$、$d$、$s$和底夸克）的四夸克振幅。这些振幅的极点决定了$S$波底四夸克的质量和宽度。
The mass spectra of all-charm tetraquark states with the [cc][$\bar{c}\bar{c}$] quark configuration are investigated. The coulomb plus linear potential is used in conjunction with the relativistic mass correction term $\mathcal{O}(\frac{1}{m})$. To determine the fitting parameters for all-charm tetraquarks states [cc][$\bar{c}\bar{c}$], we first calculate the mass spectra of charmonia [c$\bar{c}$] and its decay constants ($f^{2}_{P/V}$). We estimated the masses of the tetraquark states in their ground and radially excited states. For mass spectra of tetraquark states, we also included spin-spi…
In this article, we investigate the mass spectrum of the ground state hidden-charm tetraquark molecular states without strange, with strange and with hidden-strange via the QCD sum rules in a comprehensive way and revisit the assignments of the $X$, $Y$, $Z$ states in the scenario of tetraquark molecular states consistently based on the QCD sum rules.
In two recent papers, we used the hadro-quarkonium model to study the properties of hidden-charm and bottom tetraquarks and pentaquarks. Here, we extend the previous results and calculate the masses of heavy-quarkonium-kaon/hyperon systems. We also compute the spectrum of hidden-charm and bottom tetraquarks with strangeness in the compact tetraquark (diquark-antidiquark) model. If heavy-light exotic systems with non-null strangeness content were to be observed experimentally, it might be possible to distinguish among the large variety of available theoretical pictures for tetra- and pentaquark…
In this article, we construct the axialvector-diquark-axialvector-antidiquark type currents to interpolate the scalar, axialvector, vector, tensor doubly charmed tetraquark states, and study them with QCD sum rules systematically by carrying out the operator product expansion up to the vacuum condensates of dimension 10 in a consistent way, the predicted masses can be confronted to the experimental data in the future. We can search for those doubly charmed tetraquark states in the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka super-allowed strong decays to the charmed meson pairs.
Mass formulas for single-charm tetraquarks with Fermi-Breit hyperfine interaction
本文给出了我们对$cq \bar{q} \bar{q}$单粲标量四夸克及其SU（3）$_\mathrm{F}$表示：$\bar{15}_S$，$\bar{3}_S$，$6_A$和$\bar{3}_A$的主要研究结果.我们用SU（3）味对称破缺的Fermi-Breit相互作用哈密顿量来确定单粲四夸克态的质量。我们还讨论了从介子和重子质量拟合得到的质谱。质谱与Glozman-Riska超精细相互作用的结果非常相似，表明实验检测到的某些态可能具有四夸克态性质。
Is D_s(2700) a charmed tetraquark state ?
本文认为$D_s(2700)$是由一个标量双夸克和一个矢量反双夸克组成的四夸克态，并利用QCD求和规则计算了它的质量。数值计算结果表明，矢量粲四夸克态的质量约为$M_V=(3.75\pm0.18)\rm{GeV}$或$M_V=(3.71\pm0.15)\rm{GeV}$，比实验值大了约$1\rm{GeV}$.这样的四夸克组分在$D_s(2700)$中应该是非常小的。
Mass spectrum of the scalar hidden charm and bottom tetraquark states
本文用QCD求和规则研究了标量隐魅态和底四夸克态的质量谱。数值结果与基于准势方法的相对论性夸克模型的结果进行了比较。讨论了基于组分双夸克质量和自旋-自旋相互作用的组分双夸克模型的相关值。
All-charm tetraquarks
我们研究了只有粲夸克的四体态。工作在一个大的，但有限的振子基础上，我们提出了一个净绑定分析，以确定如果产生的状态是稳定的，对分裂成一对c-cbar介子。我们发现几个密切躺在我们检查的两个模型中的束缚态。
The LHCb experiment at CERN has discovered a doubly charmed isoscalar tetraquark $T_{cc}$ with the quantum numbers of $c c \bar u \bar d$ and mass of about 3875 MeV/$c^2$, decaying to $D^0 D^0 π^+$ through the intermediate channel $D^{*+} D^0$. We present a study of its strange companions with the quantum numbers of $c c \bar q \bar s$, where $q = u, d$ and isospin violation is neglected.
Possible tetraquark states in the $π^+ χ_{c1}$ invariant mass distribution
本文假设存在自旋宇称为$J^P=1^-$的隐形粲四夸克态，用QCD求和规则计算了它们的质量。数值计算结果表明，矢量隐粲四夸克态的质量约为$M_{Z}=(5.12\pm0.15) \rm{GeV}$或$M_{Z}=(5.16\pm0.16) \rm{GeV}$，这与$π^+ χ_{c1}$不变质量分布的实验结果不一致.隐粲介子$Z_1$、$Z_2$或$Z$可以是标量隐粲四夸克态、强子粲偶素共振态或分子态。
CHARM 2013: X(4260) as a Mixed Charmonium-Tetraquark State
利用QCD求和定则方法研究了X（4260）态，假设它可以用$J^{PC}=1^{--}$量子数的粲偶素-四夸克混合流来描述.对于$θ=(53.0 \pm 0.5)^0$周围的混合角，我们得到的质量值与X（4260）的实验质量非常一致。对于进入沟道$X \to J/ψππ$的衰减宽度，我们发现值$Γ_{X \to J/ψππ}=(4.1 \pm 0.6)$ MeV，其远小于总实验宽度$Γ= (108\pm 12)$ MeV。然而，考虑到X（4260）衰变为开粲的实验上限，我们得出结论，我们不能排除将这种状态描述为一种混合的粲-四夸克态的可能性。
In the paper we discuss contribution of the doubly intrinsic heavy mechanism into the production of $B_c$ meson, the doubly heavy baryons and the all-charm tetraquark at a future fixed-target experiment at the LHC (AFTER@LHC). The production cross sections and the mean values of Feynman-x for the finale states are presented.
All-charm tetraquark mass and possible quantum numbers of X(6900)
本研究提出 X(6900) 的可能量子数及解释其高质量内部结构模型，通过 Mathematica 12 求解薛定谔方程计算全粲四夸克谱，并解释其显著性。
Spectrum of the low-lying hidden- and double-charm tetraquark states are investigated in a nonrelativistic quark potential model, where the Instanton-induced interaction is taken as the residual spin-dependent hyperfine interaction between quarks. The model parameters are fixed by fitting the spectrum of the ground hadron states. Our numerical results show that masses of several presently studied tetraquark states are close to those of the experimentally observed candidates of exotic meson, which indicates that the corresponding compact tetraquark components may take considerable probabilities…
In this article, we study the masses and pole residues of the pseudoscalar-diquark-pseudoscalar-antidiquark type and vector-diquark-vector-antidiquark type scalar hidden-charm $cu\bar{c}\bar{d}$ ($cu\bar{c}\bar{s}$) tetraquark states with QCD sum rules by taking into account the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10 in the operator product expansion. The predicted masses can be confronted with the experimental data in the future. Possible decays of those tetraquark states are also discussed.
We apply the newly developed NRQCD factorization formula to analyze the exclusive production of the fully-charmed tetraquark $T_{4c}$ plus a hard photon at $B$ factory. For simplicity, in this work we have concentrated on the associated production of the $0^{++}$ and $2^{++}$ tetraquarks with a photon. With some rough estimates about the size of the unknown nonperturbative NRQCD matrix elements, we predict the production rates of these types of exclusive channels at $\sqrt{s}=10.6$ GeV and also assess their observation prospect at {\tt Belle 2} experiment.
We study all-charm tetraquarks in the front form of Hamiltonian dynamics using the many-body basis function approach known as basis light-front quantization. The model Hamiltonian contains transverse and longitudinal confining potentials and a one-gluon-exchange effective potential. We calculate masses of two-charm-two-anticharm states focusing on the lowest state. We also calculate two-quark and four-quark estimates of meson-meson breakup threshold. The results suggest that the lowest two-charm-two-anticharm state is not a tightly bound tetraquark. We discuss implications of the cluster decom…
In this article, we extend our previous work to study the mass spectrum of the ground state hidden-bottom tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules in a systematic way. The predicted hidden-bottom tetraquark masses can be confronted to the experimental data in the future to diagnose the nature of the $Z_b$ states. In calculations, we observe that the scalar diquark states, the axialvector diquark states and the axialvector components of the tensor diquark state are all good diquarks in building the lowest tetraquark states.
Tetraquarks with charm in coupled-channel formalism
在耦合道形式主义的框架下得到了相对论性四夸克方程。研究了介子-介子态与四夸克态的动力学混合。利用基于提取振幅前导奇点的方法，得到了这些方程的近似解。构造了包括三味夸克（u，d，s）和粲夸克在内的隐奇异介子的四夸克振幅。这些振幅的极点决定了四夸克的质量。计算了低位四夸克态的质量。
Study of $1^{--}$ P wave charmoniumlike and bottomoniumlike tetraquark spectroscopy
本文基于构成夸克模型计算了$1^{--}$P波charm子结构和bottom子结构四夸克态的质量，并探讨了其衰变宽度及与Y态的关联。
Exploring Charm Bound States: Mass Spectra and Decay Dynamics of D Mesons and $Cq\bar{q}\bar{q}$ Tetraquarks
本研究在双夸克-反双夸克框架下，基于Cornell势模型探讨了D介子与$Cq\ar{q}\ar{q}$四夸克态的质量谱与衰变性质，并通过与实验共振态对比加深了对粲夸克束缚系统的理解。
Strong decays of the fully-charm tetraquark states with explicit P-waves via the QCD sum rules
通过引入相对P波构造矢量双粲双夸克及四夸克流，基于QCD求和规则计算了全粲四夸克态的衰变宽度，发现基态总宽度与X(6552)相符，为全粲四夸克态的性质研究提供了新见解。
Mass spectra of doubly charmed tetraquarks $T_{cc}$
本研究基于非相对论组分夸克势模型，系统计算1S到2P激发态的双粲四夸克质谱，验证Tcc(3875)+的可能量子数与结构，并预测多个激发态及另一基态的质量参数。
In the present work, we adopt the scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axialvector and tensor (anti)diquark operators as the elementary building blocks to construct vector and tensor local four-quark currents without introducing explicit P-waves, and explore the mass spectrum of the vector hidden-charm tetraquark states via the QCD sum rules comprehensively, and revisit the interpretations of the existing $Y$ states in the scenario of vector tetraquark states. We resort to the energy scale formula to enhance the pole contributions and improve the convergent behaviors of the operator product expansion…
How to Search for Doubly Charmed Baryons and Tetraquarks
本文讨论了用高能强子束和高强度谱仪在固定靶实验上寻找双粲重子和四夸克态的可能性。考虑的重子是：$Ξ_{cc}^{+}$（ccd）、$Ξ_{cc}^{++}$（ccu）和$Ω_{cc}^{+}$（ccs）;四夸克是T（$cc\bar{u}\bar{d}$）。估计给出的质量，寿命，内部结构，生产截面，衰变模式，分支比，和产量。给出了优化信号和最小化背景的实验要求。本文的目的是作为一个实验和理论综述。因此，它可能有助于规划未来的最先进的非常迷人的实验，在最近的CHARM 2000研讨会的目标的精神。
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to fully charm tetraquark hadronic decay
研究全粲四夸克轻强子衰变的NLO QCD修正，基于NRQCD框架解析短程系数，发现修正显著，给出的理论预言可为相关实验研究提供参考。
We study the mass spectra for the $cc\bar c\bar c$ and $bb\bar b\bar b$ tetraquark states by developing a moment sum rule method. Our results show that the $bb\bar b\bar b$ tetraquarks lie below the threshold of $η_b(1S)η_b(1S)$. They are probably stable and very narrow. The masses for the doubly hidden-charm states $cc\bar c\bar c$ are higher than the spontaneous dissociation thresholds of two charmonium mesons. We suggest to search for such states in the $J/ψJ/ψ$ and $η_c(1S)η_c(1S)$ channels.
In the diquark-diantiquark composition, we study the masses of hidden charm tetraquark systems ($cq\bar{c}\bar{q}$, $cs\bar{c}\bar{s}$ and $cs\bar{c}\bar{q}$) using a linear confinement potential. In this study, we have factorized the four body system into three subsequent two body systems. To remove degeneracy in the S and P wave masses of mesons and tetraquark states, the spin-spin, spin orbit and tensor components of the confined one gluon exchange interactions are employed. In this attempt, we have been able to assign the $ψ(4230)$ as pure $cq\bar{c}\bar{q}$ tetraquark state. $ψ(4360)$ and…
In this article, we take the scalar diquark and antidiquark operators as the basic constituents, construct the $Cγ_5\otimes\stackrel{\leftrightarrow}{\partial}_μ\otimes γ_5C$ type tetraquark current to study the $Y(10750)$ with the QCD sum rules. The predicted mass $M_{Y}=10.75\pm0.10\,\rm{GeV}$ and width $Γ_Y= 33.60^{+16.64}_{-9.45}\,{\rm{MeV}}$ support assigning the $Y(10750)$ to be the diquark-antidiquark type vector hidden-bottom tetraquark state, which has a relative P-wave between the diquark and antidiquark constituents.
The two-body strong decays of the fully-charm tetraquark states
本文基于夸克-强子二象性和QCD sum rules研究了全粲四夸克态的两体强衰变，计算了强子耦合常数与衰变宽度，支持将$X(6552)$指定为标量四夸克态的第一径向激发态。
Estimating the mass of the hidden charm $1^+(1^{+})$ tetraquark state via QCD sum rules
利用QCD求和规则，估计了含$I^{G} (J^{P}) = 1^+ (1^{+})$的隐魅四夸克$[cu][\bar{c}\bar{d}]$态（HCTV）的质量，这可能是新观测到的类粲偶素$Z_c^+(3900)$共振.在计算中，考虑了算子乘积展开（OPE）中直到8维的贡献。我们发现$m_{1^+}^c = (3912^{+306}_{-153}) \, \text{MeV}$，这是一致的，在误差范围内，与实验观察的$Z_c^+(3900)$。推广到b夸克扇区，得到了$m_{1^+}^b = (10561^{+395}_{-163}) \,\text{MeV}$.计算结果有力地支持了$Z_c^+(3900)$和$Z_b^+(10610)$“奇异”态的四夸克图象。
We discuss the production of the exotic doubly-charmed tetraquark mesons ${\rm T}_{{\rm c}{\rm c}}({\rm c}{\rm c}\bar{\rm u}\bar{\rm d})$ from electron-positron collisions. ${\rm T}_{{\rm c}{\rm c}}({\rm c}{\rm c}\bar{\rm u}\bar{\rm d})$ is a compact exotic hadron whose binding energy is provided by the diquark correlations. We evaluate the production cross section in the electron-positron collisions using the nonrelativistic QCD framework, and investigate the difference of the production cross section for different color configurations in two charm quarks (antitriplet and sextet), where the m…
In this article, we introduce a relative P-wave to construct the doubly-charm axialvector diquark operator, then take the doubly-charm axialvector (anti)diquark operator as the basic constituent to construct the scalar and tensor tetraquark currents to study the scalar, axialvector and tensor fully-charm tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules. We observe that the ground state $\tilde{A}\tilde{A}$ type tetraquark states and the first radial excited states of the $AA$ type tetraquark states have almost degenerated masses, where the $\tilde{A}$ and $A$ stand for the diquark operators with and w…
Analysis of the vector hidden-charm-hidden-strange tetraquark states with implicit P-waves
本文以各类双夸克为基本单元构造含隐P波的四夸克流，利用QCD求和规则系统研究隐粲-隐奇异四夸克态，并重新考察多个X/Y态的归属。
Based on the diquark configuration, we construct the diquark-antidiquark interpolating tetraquark currents with $J^{PC}=1^{-\pm}$ and $1^{+\pm}$, which can couple to the scalar and pseudoscalar tetraquark states respectively, since they are not conserved currents. Then we investigate their two-point correlation functions including the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10 and extract the masses and pole residues of the tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=0^{+\pm}$ and $0^{-\pm}$ through the QCD sum rule approach. The predicted masses can be confronted with the experimental data…
We discuss the interpretation of the $J\!/\!ψ\,J\!/\!ψ$ peak recently seen by the LHCb collaboration at CERN, and take the opportunity to review the experimental and theoretical state of the art for exotic hadrons. It is stressed that in constituent models, the states in the continuum require a dedicated treatment to single out resonances atop the continuum.
Chromomagnetism, flavour symmetry breaking and S-wave tetraquarks
本文将色磁相互作用应用于含有两个夸克和两个反夸克的S波组态，并充分考虑了味对称破缺。讨论了光介子、魅介子、魅与奇介子、隐魅介子和双魅介子的唯象意义，并将其推广到具有美的类似物。
In this article, we take the pseudoscalar, scalar, axialvector, vector, tensor (anti)diquark operators as the basic constituents, and construct the scalar, axialvector and tensor tetraquark currents to study the mass spectrum of the ground state hidden-charm tetraquark states with the QCD sum rules in a comprehensive way. We revisit the assignments of the $X$, $Y$, $Z$ states, such as the $X(3860)$, $X(3872)$, $X(3915)$, $X(3940)$, $X(4160)$, $Z_c(3900)$, $Z_c(4020)$, $Z_c(4050)$, $Z_c(4055)$, $Z_c(4100)$, $Z_c(4200)$, $Z_c(4250)$, $Z_c(4430)$, $Z_c(4600)$, etc in the scenario of tetraquark st…
Relativistic description of heavy tetraquarks
在相对论双夸克-反双夸克图象下计算了具有隐魅和底的重四夸克态的基态和激发态的质量。在重-轻双夸克中，轻夸克的动力学是完全相对论性的。通过计算双夸克-胶子形状因子考虑了双夸克结构。讨论了在开放魅力阈值以上的类魅力态的新实验数据。结果表明，X（3872），Y（4260），Y（4360），Z（4433）和Y（4660）可以是具有隐魅的四夸克态.
Masses of heavy tetraquarks in the relativistic quark model
在相对论夸克模型框架下计算了具有隐魅和底的重四夸克的质量。四夸克态被认为是重-轻双夸克态和反双夸克态的束缚态。在重-轻双夸克中的轻夸克是完全相对论性处理的。通过用双夸克波函数计算双夸克-胶子形状因子，考虑了双夸克的内部结构。讨论了开粲阈以上类粲素态的新实验数据。结果表明，X（3872）可能是具有隐魅的四夸克态.发现具有隐底的基态四夸克态的质量低于开底阈值。
In the present work, we investigate the scalar, axialvector and tensor doubly-charmed tetraquark molecular states without strange, with strange and with doubly-strange via the QCD sum rules, and try to make assignment of the $T^+_{cc}$ from the LHCb collaboration in the scenario of molecular states. The predictions favor assigning the $T^+_{cc}$ to be the lighter $DD^{*}$ molecular state with the spin-parity $J^P=1^+$ and isospin $I=0$, while the heavier $DD^{*}$ molecular state with the spin-parity $J^P=1^+$ and isospin $I=1$ still escapes experimental detections, the observation of the heavi…
We provide comprehensive investigations for the mass spectrum of exotic open-flavor charmed/bottom $sq\bar q\bar c$, $qq\bar q\bar c$, $sq\bar q\bar b$, $qq\bar q\bar b$ tetraquark states with various spin-parity assignments $J^P=0^+, 1^+, 2^+$ and $0^-, 1^-$ in the framework of QCD sum rules. In the diquark configuration, we construct the diquark-antidiquark interpolating tetraquark currents using the color-antisymmetric scalar and axial-vector diquark fields. The stable mass sum rules are established in reasonable parameter working ranges, which are used to give reliable mass predictions for…
In this work, we take all the color-antitriplet diquarks, such as the scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, axialvector and tensor diquarks, as the basic constituents to construct the local pseudoscalar four-quark currents without importing the explicit P-waves to implement the negative-parity, and investigate the mass spectroscopy of the pseudoscalar hidden-charm tetraquark states without strange, with strange and with hidden-strange in the framework of the QCD sum rules in a consistent and comprehensive way. We obtain the lowest mass $4.56\pm0.08\,\rm{GeV}$ for the pseudoscalar tetraquark state with…
Light quark fragmentation into S-wave fully charmed tetraquark
本文在NRQCD框架下计算轻夸克碎裂为S波全粲四夸克态T_{4c}的碎裂函数，预测其在LHC和EIC高横动量产生中的贡献，并发现其截面介于胶子碎裂和粲夸克碎裂之间。
Gluonic Hidden-charm Tetraquark States
本文研究了一种新型混合态，即由两个价夸克、两个价反夸克和一个价胶子组成的胶子四夸克态。通过QCD求和规则计算了其质量谱，预测了14个胶子隐粲四夸克态，并分析了其产生和衰变模式，有望在多个实验中被观测到。
The all-charm tetraquark and its contribution to two-photon processes
本文在全粲四夸克态非相对论势模型框架内计算双光子衰变宽度并施加求和规则约束，预言光-光散射截面，以检验ATLAS实验中相对标准模型的超出是否源于中间奇特态。
We study the spectra of the doubly charmed tetraquark states in a diquark-antidiquark model. The doubly charmed tetraquark states form an antitriplet and a sextet configurations according to flavor SU(3) symmetry. For the tetraquark state $[qq'][\bar c\bar c]$, we show the mass for both bound and excited states. The two-body decays of tetraquark states $T^{cc}[0^+]$ and $T^{cc}[1^{--}]$ to charmed mesons have also been studied. In the end,the doubly charmed tetraquarks decays to a charmed baryon and a light baryon have been studied in the SU(3) flavor symmetry.
Hidden-charm and -bottom tetraquark states with $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ via QCD sum rules
本文通过QCD求和规则研究了具有 $J^{PC}=1^{-+}$ 的隐藏底夸克四夸克态，计算了质量谱并预测了四夸克态的质量，同时分析了可能的衰变模式，为实验寻找 exotic $1^{-+}$ 四夸克态提供指导。
We perform a quantitative analysis of the decays of $cc\bar c\bar c$ tetraquarks with $J^{PC}=0^{++}, 2^{++}$ into 4 muons and into hidden- and open-charm mesons and estimate, for the first time, the fully charmed tetraquark decay width. The calculated cross section upper limit is $\sim 40$ fb for the 4 muons channel, and $\sim 28$ nb for the $D^{(*)} \bar D^{(*)} \to eμ$ channel. On the basis of our results, with the present sensitivity LHCb should detect both signals, for $0^{++}$ and $2^{++}$ fully-charmed tetraquarks.
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