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arXiv 0903.0177nlin.CD
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台球中相互作用粒子的Gauss映射和李雅普诺夫指数

Gauss map and Lyapunov exponents of interacting particles in a billiard

Cesar Manchein, Marcus W. Beims

摘要:

我们证明了高斯映射下勒贝格测度为零的周期轨道的李雅普诺夫指数(LE)可以用来确定Hamilton系统LE的主要定性行为。哈密顿系统是一个一维盒子,两个粒子通过汤川势相互作用,不具有Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser(KAM)曲线。在我们的例子中,高斯映射被应用于粒子之间的质量比$γ= m_2/m_1$。除了主要的定性行为,一些意想不到的峰值在$γ$依赖的平均LE和“粘性”在相空间中的外观也可以理解通过LE从高斯映射。这是一个很好的例子,说明了一个数的连分数表示的“不稳定性”与物理模型中非周期曲线(无KAM曲线)的稳定性之间的关系。我们的结果也证实了这样的直觉,即具有更复杂的流不变曲面(更高的亏格)的伪可积系统在扰动下应该更不稳定。

英文摘要:

We show that the Lyapunov exponent (LE) of periodic orbits with Lebesgue measure zero from the Gauss map can be used to determine the main qualitative behavior of the LE of a Hamiltonian system. The Hamiltonian system is a one-dimensional box with two particles interacting via a Yukawa potential and does not possess Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser (KAM) curves. In our case the Gauss map is applied to the mass ratio $γ= m_2/m_1$ between particles. Besides the main qualitative behavior, some unexpected peaks in the $γ$ dependence of the mean LE and the appearance of 'stickness' in phase space can also be understand via LE from the Gauss map. This shows a nice example of the relation between the "instability" of the continued fraction representation of a number with the stability of non-periodic curves (no KAM curves) from the physical model. Our results also confirm the intuition that pseudo-integrable systems with more complicated invariant surfaces of the flow (higher genus) should be more unstable under perturbation.

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