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arXiv 0902.3651cond-mat.stat-mechmath.PR
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最小生成树理论I:平均场论和强无序自旋玻璃模型

Theory of minimum spanning trees I: Mean-field theory and strongly disordered spin-glass model

T. S. Jackson, N. Read

摘要:

最小生成树(MST)是一个组合优化问题:给定一个连通图,每个边都有一个实权重(“成本”),找到最小化占用边的总成本之和的生成树。我们考虑随机MST,其中的边缘成本是(淬火)独立的随机变量。由于Newman和Stein [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72,2286(1994)],其精确地映射到随机MST上。我们研究的随机MST的缩放特性之间的关系Kruskal的贪婪算法找到MST,和债券渗流。我们解决了Bethe格(BL)上的随机MST问题与适当的有线边界条件和计算的分形维数D=6的连接组件。从平均场论的角度来看,这个结果意味着在d维欧氏空间的格上,在大小为W的窗口内存在W^{d-D}阶随机MST的大连通分量,并且d = d_c = D = 6是临界维数。这与纽曼和斯坦建议的值8不同。我们还批评了原来的参数为8,并提供了一个改进的缩放参数,再次产生d_c=6。结果表明,当d>6时,强无序的自旋玻璃模型具有许多基态,并且仅为六以下一阶。MST的结果也适用于泊松加权无限树,这是一个平均场方法的连续模型的MST在欧几里德空间,是一个限制的BL。在一个配套文件中,我们开发了一个随机MST临界渗流集团的<$=6-d扩展。

英文摘要:

The minimum spanning tree (MST) is a combinatorial optimization problem: given a connected graph with a real weight ("cost") on each edge, find the spanning tree that minimizes the sum of the total cost of the occupied edges. We consider the random MST, in which the edge costs are (quenched) independent random variables. There is a strongly-disordered spin-glass model due to Newman and Stein [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 2286 (1994)], which maps precisely onto the random MST. We study scaling properties of random MSTs using a relation between Kruskal's greedy algorithm for finding the MST, and bond percolation. We solve the random MST problem on the Bethe lattice (BL) with appropriate wired boundary conditions and calculate the fractal dimension D=6 of the connected components. Viewed as a mean-field theory, the result implies that on a lattice in Euclidean space of dimension d, there are of order W^{d-D} large connected components of the random MST inside a window of size W, and that d = d_c = D = 6 is a critical dimension. This differs from the value 8 suggested by Newman and Stein. We also critique the original argument for 8, and provide an improved scaling argument that again yields d_c=6. The result implies that the strongly-disordered spin-glass model has many ground states for d>6, and only of order one below six. The results for MSTs also apply on the Poisson-weighted infinite tree, which is a mean-field approach to the continuum model of MSTs in Euclidean space, and is a limit of the BL. In a companion paper we develop an epsilon=6-d expansion for the random MST on critical percolation clusters.

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