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arXiv 0902.3357astro-ph.HE
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坡印亭支配喷流的渐近结构

Asymptotic structure of Poynting dominated jets

Yuri Lyubarsky

摘要:

在相对论中,坡印廷主导的外流,加速和准直是密切相关的。重要的一点是,洛伦兹力几乎被电力补偿,因此加速区跨越了很大的尺度范围。我们导出了描述相对论性轴对称磁流体流动的渐近方程。这些方程既不包含固有的小尺度(如光圆柱半径),也不包含几乎相互抵消的项(如电力和磁力),因此它们可以很容易地用数值求解。它们也适合于流动的定性分析,在许多情况下,它们甚至可以解析或半解析地求解。我们表明,一般有两个准直制度。在第一种状态下,残余的环向应力和电力被极向磁场的压力抵消,使得在离源的任何距离处,流的结构与适当的圆柱形平衡配置的结构相同。在第二个制度,极向磁场的压力是可以忽略不计的小,使流可以被认为是由同轴收缩磁环。在两种准直状态下,流动以不同的方式加速。详细研究了幂律分布的外压约束射流的结构。特别是,我们得到了简单的缩放的范围内的加速区,终端洛伦兹因子和准直角。

英文摘要:

In relativistic, Poynting dominated outflows, acceleration and collimation are intimately connected. An important point is that the Lorentz force is nearly compensated by the electric force therefore the acceleration zone spans a large range of scales. We derived the asymptotic equations describing relativistic, axisymmetric MHD flows far beyond the light cylinder. These equations do not contain either intrinsic small scales (like the light cylinder radius) or terms that nearly cancel each other (like the electric and magnetic forces) therefore they could be easily solved numerically. They also suit well for qualitative analysis of the flow and in many cases, they could even be solved analytically or semi-analytically. We show that there are generally two collimation regimes. In the first regime, the residual of the hoop stress and the electric force is counterbalanced by the pressure of the poloidal magnetic field so that at any distance from the source, the structure of the flow is the same as the structure of an appropriate cylindrical equilibrium configuration. In the second regime, the pressure of the poloidal magnetic field is negligible small so that the flow could be conceived as composed from coaxial shrinking magnetic loops. In the two collimation regimes, the flow is accelerated in different ways. We study in detail the structure of jets confined by the external pressure with a power law profile. In particular, we obtained simple scalings for the extent of the acceleration zone, for the terminal Lorentz factor and for the collimation angle.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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