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arXiv 0902.2378astro-ph.GAastro-ph.COastro-ph.SR
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内银河系的化学丰度图:盾牌座红超巨星团

Chemical abundance patterns in the inner Galaxy: the Scutum Red Supergiant Clusters

Ben Davies, Livia Origlia, Rolf-Peter Kudritzki, Don F. Figer, R. Michael Rich, Francisco Najarro, Ignacio Negueruela, J. Simon Clark

摘要:

盾牌座红超巨星(RSG)星团位于银河棒的末端,这使它们成为银河系长期演化的绝佳探测器;而星团本身则是研究恒星演化理论预测的理想试验台。为此,我们提出了一个RSG的表面丰度的研究,使用高分辨率H波段光谱和光谱合成分析相结合。我们提供元素C、O、Si、Mg、Ti和Fe的丰度测量。我们发现,研究的恒星的表面丰度是一致的CNO燃烧和深,旋转增强混合。星团的平均a/Fe比是太阳能的,与薄盘人口一致。然而,我们发现显着亚太阳Fe/H比为每个集群,这一结果强烈矛盾的简单外推的银河系金属丰度梯度较低的银河系中心的距离。我们认为,一个简单的一维参数化的银河系的丰度模式是不够的,在低银心距离,大的方位角变化可能存在。事实上,我们表明,O,Si和Mg的丰度是一致的独立测量对象在银河系中的类似位置。在结合我们的研究结果与文献中的其他数据,我们提出的证据大规模(~kpc)方位角变化的丰度在银河系中心的距离为3- 5 kpc。虽然我们不能排除这种观察到的行为是由于不同的测量技术之间的系统偏移,我们发现类似的行为在棒旋星系NGC 4736的研究中使用均匀的方法的证据。我们认为,这些方位角丰度的变化可能是由于激烈的,但斑片状的恒星形成驱动的潜在的中央酒吧。

英文摘要:

The location of the Scutum Red-Supergiant (RSG) clusters at the end of the Galactic Bar makes them an excellent probe of the Galaxy's secular evolution; while the clusters themselves are ideal testbeds in which to study the predictions of stellar evolutionary theory. To this end, we present a study of the RSGs' surface abundances using a combination of high-resolution H-band spectroscopy and spectral synthesis analysis. We provide abundance measurements for elements C, O, Si, Mg, Ti, and Fe. We find that the surface abundances of the stars studied are consistent with CNO burning and deep, rotationally enhanced mixing. The average a/Fe ratios of the clusters are solar, consistent with a thin-disk population. However, we find significantly sub-solar Fe/H ratios for each cluster, a result which strongly contradicts a simple extrapolation of the Galactic metallicity gradient to lower Galacto-centric distances. We suggest that a simple one-dimensional parameterization of the Galaxy's abundance patterns is insufficient at low Galactocentric distances, as large azimuthal variations may be present. Indeed, we show that the abundances of O, Si and Mg are consistent with independent measurements of objects in similar locations in the Galaxy. In combining our results with other data in the literature, we present evidence for large-scale (~kpc) azimuthal variations in abundances at Galacto-centric distances of 3-5kpc. While we cannot rule-out that this observed behaviour is due to systematic offsets between different measurement techniques, we do find evidence for similar behaviour in a study of the barred-spiral galaxy NGC4736 which uses homogeneous methodology. We suggest that these azimuthal abundance variations could result from the intense but patchy star formation driven by the potential of the central bar.

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