本文简要回顾了铁基超导体的光学和喇曼光谱研究,着重讨论了铁基超导体中的竞争现象。对ReFeAsO(Re=稀土元素)和AFe $_2$ As $_2$(A=碱土金属)族的光学研究表明,对称性破缺态中存在能隙,包括母体化合物自旋密度波态中的部分能隙和掺杂化合物超导态中的配对能隙.特别是空穴掺杂BaFe $_2$ As $_2$的超导能隙隙具有s波配对线形。对几种铁基化合物用拉曼和红外技术探测到的带心光学声子进行了分类。讨论了电子-声子耦合、自旋密度波和超导跃迁对声子的影响等问题。同时,还简要讨论了尚待解决的问题,包括\emph{T}依赖的0.6-0.7 eV的中红外峰、电子相关性以及高\Tc铜氧化物与铁基超导体的异同。从其他实验探针的重要结果与光学数据进行比较,以更好地理解自旋密度波的性质,超导电性,和多带字符在铁基化合物。
英文摘要:
A brief review of optical and Raman studies on the Fe-based superconductors is given, with special emphasis on the competing phenomenon in this system. Optical investigations on ReFeAsO (Re=rare-earth element) and AFe$_2$As$_2$ (A=alkaline-earth metal) families provide clear evidence for the gap formation in the broken symmetry states, including the partial gaps in the spin-density wave states of parent compounds, and the pairing gaps in the superconducting states for doped compounds. Especially, the superconducting gap has an s-wave pairing lineshape in hole-doped BaFe$_2$As$_2$. Optical phonons at zone center detected by Raman and infrared techniques are classified for several Fe-based compounds. Related issues, such as the electron-phonon coupling and the effect of spin-density wave and superconducting transitions on phonons, are also discussed. Meanwhile, open questions including the \emph{T}-dependent mid-infrared peak at 0.6-0.7 eV, electronic correlation, and the similarities/differences between high-\Tc cuprates and Fe-based superconductors are also briefly discussed. Important results from other experimental probes are compared with optical data to better understand the spin-density wave properties, the superconductivity, and the multi-band character in Fe-based compounds.
Linear Response Theory for Shear Modulus $C_{66}$ and Raman Quadrupole Susceptibility: Significant Evidence for Orbital Nematic Fluctuations in Fe-Based Superconductors
Raman scattering as a probe of charge nematic fluctuations in iron based superconductors
本文报道了BaFe $_2$ As $_2$和Sr(Fe $_{1-x}$ Co $_x$)$_2$ As $_2$(x=0.04)单晶四元相中电荷涨落的拉曼散射测量。在这两个系统中,所观察到的居里-外斯波动被发现表现出发散的居里-外斯行为与非常相似的特征温度标度,表明在122铁基超导体的普遍趋势,对电荷的有序。
Charge Nematicity and Electronic Raman Scattering in Iron-based Superconductors
本文综述了铁基超导体中电荷涨落的电子喇曼散射测量的最新进展。一个简单的理论框架的$d$波波Pomeranchuk过渡,提出了为了捕捉显着的特点的频谱。我们讨论了122个铁基体系,特别是Co掺杂BaFe $_2$ As $_2$正常态的拉曼光谱数据,我们发现,低能量准弹性峰,提取的磁化率和散射率是一致的电子驱动的结构相变。在全能隙超导态下,准弹性峰转变为有限频率的共振,这在电子掺杂系统中表现得尤为明显。分析的一个重要特征是电子拉曼信号不受声学声子的影响。这使得拉曼光谱成为电子向列性的独特探针。
Relationship among superconductivity, pseudogap, and high-energy magnetic fluctuations in a model high-Tc superconductor from electronic Raman scattering
Screening in (d+s)-wave superconductors: Application to Raman scattering
采用各向异性跳跃矩阵参数的紧束缚带结构和$d$ -和s-波对称混合的超导能隙隙,研究了非孪晶YBa $_2$ Cu $_3$ O $_{7-δ}$超导体的极化相关电子喇曼响应.使用一般的参数,我们发现屏蔽条款的$B^{\}_{1g}$散射通道所需的规范不变性。其结果是,我们得到了一个小的,但可测量的软化的对破峰,其位置已被归因于长期以来的两倍的超导能隙最大值。此外,我们预测超导引起的声子线形状的变化,可以提供一种方法来检测各向同性s波混合物的超导能隙。
The FeSe-based superconductors exhibit a wide range of critical temperature Tc under a variety of material and physical conditions, but extensive studies to date have yet to produce a consensus view on the underlying mechanism. Here we report on a systematic Raman scattering work on intercalated FeSe superconductors Lix(NH3)yFe2Se2 and (Li,Fe)OHFeSe compared to pristine FeSe. All three crystals show an anomalous power-law temperature dependence of phonon linewidths, deviating from the standard anharmonic behavior. This intriguing phenomenon is attributed to electron-phonon coupling effects enh…
The pseudogap regime of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors is characterized by a variety of competing orders, the nature of which are still widely debated. Recent experiments have provided evidence for electron nematic order, in which the electron fluid breaks rotational symmetry while preserving translational invariance. Raman spectroscopy, with its ability to symmetry resolve low energy excitations, is a unique tool that can be used to assess nematic fluctuations and nematic ordering tendencies. Here, we compare results from determinant quantum Monte Carlo simulations of the Hubbar…
In superconductors the Anderson-Higgs mechanism allows for the existence of a collective amplitude (Higgs) mode which can couple to eV-light mainly in a non-linear Raman-like process. The experimental non-equilibrium results on isotropic superconductors have been explained going beyond the BCS theory including the Higgs mode. Furthermore, in anisotropic d-wave superconductors strong interaction effects with other modes are expected. Here we calculate the Raman contribution of the Higgs mode from a new perspective, including many-body Higgs oscillations effects and their consequences in convent…
In a recent manuscript Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 197001 (2021) Puviani et al. claim that the Higgs mode gives an enhancement of the Raman response in the symmetric $A_{1g}$ Raman channel of cuprates. Here we report a series of technical mistakes in their derivation that completely invalidate this conclusion. In particular, the Raman response function contains two renormalized vertices, with a clearly overcounting of diagrams and uncontrolled results for the Higgs-mode contribution.
Certain significant fallacies are involved in discussions of the high-Tc mechanism unsolved for over 30 years in cuprate superconductors. These fallacies are explored with the aim of unravelling this mechanism. Moreover, using polarised electronic Raman scattering in inhomogeneous underdoped cuprate superconductors, the intrinsic nonlinear Raman spectrum is obtained by subtracting the pseudogap characteristic of a nonlinear from the linear Raman spectrum measured in the B2g mode of the node area below the critical temperature. The intrinsic nonlinear behaviour implies the existence of the noda…
Raman scattering study of electron-doped Pr$_x$Ca$_{1-x}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ superconductors
本文报道了电子掺杂超导Pr $_x$ Ca $_{1-x}$ Fe $_2$ As $_2$($x \approx 0.12$)单晶的变温偏振喇曼光谱。所有四个允许对称偶宇称声子被识别。在222 cm $^{-1}$处B $_{1g}$对称性的声子模,与Fe离子的c轴运动有关,在低温下表现出反常的频率硬化,表明超导态中电子-声子耦合不为零,并暗示超导能隙的大小为$2Δ_c < 27$ meV.