17世纪初可见星作为哥白尼原理的观测证据
Visible Stars as Apparent Observational Evidence in Favor of the Copernican Principle in the Early 17th Century
摘要：
哥白尼原理（认为地球和太阳不是唯一的）应该有观测结果，因此是可以检验的。伽利略认为他可以用他的望远镜测量恒星的真实角直径;根据他的说法，肉眼可见的恒星直径范围从几分之一秒到几秒弧。他用这一点和哥白尼原理的假设，恒星是太阳作为一种方法来确定恒星的距离。通过伽利略的方法可以计算出比给定星等更亮的肉眼可见恒星的预期数量;结果与通过计数肉眼可见恒星获得的数据一致。因此，在伽利略看来，肉眼可见的恒星总数作为星等的函数，似乎是支持哥白尼原理的数据。
英文摘要：
The Copernican Principle (which says the Earth and sun are not unique) should have observational consequences and thus be testable. Galileo Galilei thought he could measure the true angular diameters of stars with his telescope; according to him, stars visible to the naked eye range in diameter from a fraction of a second to several seconds of arc. He used this and the Copernican Principle assumption that stars are suns as a method of determining stellar distances. The expected numbers of naked eye stars brighter than a given magnitude can be calculated via Galileo's methods; the results are consistent with data obtained from counting naked eye stars. Thus the total number of stars visible to the naked eye as a function of magnitude would appear to Galileo to be data supporting the Copernican Principle.
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