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arXiv 0901.2032cond-mat.str-elquant-ph
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远离平衡驱动的强关联一维量子系统中的电荷和自旋输运

Charge and spin transport in strongly correlated one-dimensional quantum systems driven far from equilibrium

Giuliano Benenti, Giulio Casati, Tomaz Prosen, Davide Rossini, Marko Znidaric

摘要:

我们研究了相互作用粒子的一维原型模型,如Hubbard和t-V无自旋费米子模型,当耦合到一些外部浴注入和提取粒子的边界时的电荷电导率。我们表明,如果这些系统被驱动远离平衡,可以出现一个负微分电导率制度。上述电子模型可以映射到耦合到两个磁浴的海森堡自旋梯,从而从量子自旋输运的角度解释电荷输运机制。的负微分电导率是由于相反极化的铁磁域出现在链的边缘,因此抑制自旋运输:我们提出了一个定性的理解的现象,通过分析的本地化的一个磁振子激发在铁磁区域的边界。我们还表明,负微分电导率是稳定的可积性的破坏。采用Monte-Carlo波函数方法和矩阵乘积算子方法对非平衡态时间演化进行了数值模拟。

英文摘要:

We study the charge conductivity in one-dimensional prototype models of interacting particles, such as the Hubbard and the t-V spinless fermion model, when coupled to some external baths injecting and extracting particles at the boundaries. We show that, if these systems are driven far from equilibrium, a negative differential conductivity regime can arise. The above electronic models can be mapped into Heisenberg-like spin ladders coupled to two magnetic baths, so that charge transport mechanisms are explained in terms of quantum spin transport. The negative differential conductivity is due to oppositely polarized ferromagnetic domains which arise at the edges of the chain, and therefore inhibit spin transport: we propose a qualitative understanding of the phenomenon by analyzing the localization of one-magnon excitations created at the borders of a ferromagnetic region. We also show that negative differential conductivity is stable against breaking of integrability. Numerical simulations of non-equilibrium time evolution have been performed by employing a Monte-Carlo wave function approach and a matrix product operator formalism.

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