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arXiv 0901.0294cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.mes-hall
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介观铝环中的涨落超导电性

Fluctuation Superconductivity in Mesoscopic Aluminum Rings

Nicholas C. Koshnick, Hendrik Bluhm, Martin E. Huber, Kathryn A. Moler

摘要:

波动在相变附近是重要的,在那里它们可能难以定量描述。介观环中的超导性特别有趣,因为临界温度是磁场的振荡函数。一维超导环中的热涨落有一个精确的理论,因此有望成为一个很好的模型系统。我们测量许多环的磁化率,一次一个环,使用扫描SQUID,可以隔离磁信号从7个数量级更大的背景施加通量。我们发现,波动理论描述的结果和一个单一的参数表征的方式,其中波动是特别重要的磁场中的临界温度被抑制。

英文摘要:

Fluctuations are important near phase transitions, where they can be difficult to describe quantitatively. Superconductivity in mesoscopic rings is particularly intriguing because the critical temperature is an oscillatory function of magnetic field. There is an exact theory for thermal fluctuations in one-dimensional superconducting rings, which are therefore expected to be an excellent model system. We measure the susceptibility of many rings, one ring at a time, using a scanning SQUID that can isolate magnetic signals from seven orders of magnitude larger background applied flux. We find that the fluctuation theory describes the results and that a single parameter characterizes the ways in which the fluctuations are especially important at magnetic fields where the critical temperature is suppressed.

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