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arXiv 0812.4576astro-ph
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由辐射力矩引起的晶粒排列:能量的内部弛豫和复杂辐射场的影响

Grain alignment induced by radiative torques: effects of internal relaxation of energy and complex radiation fields

Thiem Hoang, Alex Lazarian

摘要:

早期对晶粒排列的研究主要是针对具有较强的内部能量弛豫的星际晶粒,其使晶粒的最大转动惯量轴相对于晶粒的角动量排列。在本文中,我们研究了大的不规则颗粒,例如,吸积盘中的颗粒,其中内部弛豫是次主导的。我们使用数值计算和我们前面介绍的螺旋颗粒的分析模型。我们证明,在这样一个政权的晶粒表现出更复杂的动力学。特别地,如果最初最大转动惯量的晶粒轴与角动量成小角度,则辐射力矩可以使最大转动惯量的晶粒轴与角动量对准,并且当具有高角动量的吸引子(高J吸引子)可用时,最大转动惯量和角动量的轴都与磁场对准。对于没有高J吸引子的排列,除了先前研究的低角动量吸引子(低J吸引子)外,还出现了新的低J吸引子。前一种情况和后一种情况分别对应于长轴垂直于角动量和平行于角动量的排列。此外,我们研究了在存在强内部弛豫的情况下晶粒的排列,但不是由辐射束引起的,而是由复杂的辐射场引起的,该辐射场可以分解为偶极和四极分量。我们发现,在这种情况下,参数空间$q^{max}$,高$J$吸引子的存在是更广泛的,这需要更高程度的极化预期。所得结果对模拟分子云和吸积盘中排列晶粒引起的极化是有用的。

英文摘要:

Earlier studies of grain alignment dealt mostly with interstellar grains that have strong internal relaxation of energy which aligns grain axis of maximum moment of inertia with respect to grain's angular momentum. In this paper, we study the alignment by radiative torques for large irregular grains, e.g., grains in accretion disks, for which internal relaxation is subdominant. We use both numerical calculations and the analytical model of a helical grain introduced by us earlier. We demonstrate that grains in such a regime exhibit more complex dynamics. In particular, if initially the grain axis of maximum moment of inertia makes a small angle with angular momentum, then radiative torques can align the grain axis of maximum moment of inertia with angular momentum, and both axis of maximum moment of inertia and angular momentum are aligned with the magnetic field when attractors with high angular momentum (high-J attractors) are available. For the alignment without high-J attractors, beside the earlier studied attractors with low angular momentum (low-J attractors), there appears new low-J attractors. The former and later cases correspond to the alignment with long axes perpendicular and parallel to the angular momentum, respectively. In addition, we study the alignment of grains in the presence of strong internal relaxation, but induced not by a radiation beam as in earlier studies, instead, induced by a complex radiation field, that can be decomposed into dipole and quadrupole components. We find that in this situation, the parameter space $q^{max}$, for the existence of high-$J$ attractors is more extended, which entails higher degrees of polarization expected. Our obtained results are useful for modeling polarization arising from aligned grains in molecular clouds and accretion disks.

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