辐射力矩：解析模型和基本性质
Radiative torques: Analytical Model and Basic Properties
摘要：
我们试图通过研究辐射力矩（RAT）的基本性质来获得对晶粒取向过程的物理洞察。为了这个目的，我们考虑一个简单的玩具模型的螺旋颗粒，再现以及RAT的基本功能。该模型由一个球体和一个与之成一定角度的镜子组成，非常简单，该模型允许对作用于其上的RAT进行解析描述，我们显示出该模型获得的RAT与DDSCAT计算的不规则颗粒的RAT具有良好的对应性。我们的分析的作用，不同的扭矩组件的晶粒对齐显示，三个RAT组件之一不影响的对齐，但诱导只为晶粒进动。另外两个组件提供了一个通用的对齐与晶粒长轴垂直的辐射方向，如果辐射占主导地位的晶粒进动，和垂直于磁场，否则。我们研究了自相似缩放的RAT作为$λ/a_{eff}$的函数。我们表明，自相似性是有用的研究晶粒排列的宽谱的辐射，即星际辐射场。
英文摘要：
We attempt to get a physical insight into grain alignment processes by studying basic properties of radiative torques (RATs). For this purpose we consider a simple toy model of a helical grain that reproduces well the basic features of RATs. The model grain consists of a spheroidal body with a mirror attached at an angle to it. Being very simple, the model allows analytical description of RATs that act upon it. We show a good correspondence of RATs obtained for this model and those of irregular grains calculated by DDSCAT. Our analysis of the role of different torque components for grain alignment reveals that one of the three RAT components does not affect the alignment, but induces only for grain precession. The other two components provide a generic alignment with grain long axes perpendicular to the radiation direction, if the radiation dominates the grain precession, and perpendicular to magnetic field, otherwise. We study a self-similar scaling of RATs as a function of $λ/a_{eff}$. We show that the self-similarity is useful for studying grain alignment by a broad spectrum of radiation, i.e. interstellar radiation field.
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