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arXiv 0812.1636astro-ph
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赫比格Be星的星周盘

Circumstellar disks around Herbig Be stars

T. Alonso-Albi, A. Fuente, R. Bachiller, R. Neri, P. Planesas, L. Testi, O. Berne, C. Joblin

摘要:

我们使用NRAO甚大阵列(VLA)和IRAM Plateau de Bure(PdB)干涉仪完成了对Herbig Be恒星周围拱星盘的搜索。我们提出了我们的新的VLA和PdBI数据的三个对象MWC 297,Z CMa和LKHa 215。我们通过将我们的毫米和厘米数据添加到其他波长的可用数据(主要是斯皮策图像)中,构建了从近红外到厘米波长的SED。使用圆盘+包络模型拟合整个SED。此外,我们还整理了文献中所有的圆盘毫米观测数据,并对所有数据进行了统计分析。我们表明,磁盘的质量通常是只有一个小的百分比(小于10%)的质量的整个信封在HBe星。对于磁盘,源与源之间存在很大的差异。我们样本中的两个圆盘,R Mon和Z CMa,具有与金牛座T和赫比格Ae恒星相似的大小和质量。然而,MWC 1080和MWC 297周围的圆盘较小(rout<100 AU)。我们没有在毫米波长下探测到MWC 137和LkHa 215的盘,这限制了可能的拱星盘的质量和大小。将我们的数据与之前金牛座T星和赫比格Ae星的结果进行比较,表明尽管在年轻天体(10^4年)中发现了大质量盘(0.1 Msun),但赫比格Be星周围的盘质量通常比低质量恒星周围的盘质量低5-10倍。我们建议,光盘光蒸发是负责这种行为。在赫比格Be星中,紫外线辐射在几个10^5年的时间尺度上分散了外盘中的气体。一旦盘的外部消失,整个气体盘在很短的时间尺度(10^5年)内被光蒸发,只剩下一个由大颗粒组成的小尘埃盘。

英文摘要:

We completed a search for circumstellar disks around Herbig Be stars using the NRAO Very Large Array (VLA) and the IRAM Plateau de Bure (PdB) interferometers. We present our new VLA and PdBI data for the three objects MWC 297, Z CMa, and LKHa 215. We constructed the SED from near-IR to centimeter wavelengths by adding our millimeter and centimeter data to the available data at other wavelengths, mainly Spitzer images. The entire SED was fitted using a disk+envelope model. In addition, we compiled all the disk millimeter observations in the literature and completed a statistical analysis of all the data. We show that the disk mass is usually only a small percentage (less than 10%) of the mass of the entire envelope in HBe stars. For the disks, there are large source-to-source variations. Two disks in our sample, R Mon and Z CMa, have similar sizes and masses to those found in T Tauri and Herbig Ae stars. The disks around MWC 1080 and MWC 297 are, however, smaller (rout<100 AU). We did not detect the disks towards MWC 137 and LkHa 215 at millimeter wavelengths, which limits the mass and the size of the possible circumstellar disks. A comparison between our data and previous results for T Tauri and Herbig Ae stars indicates that although massive disks (0.1 Msun) are found in young objects (10^4 yr), the masses of the disks around Herbig Be stars are usually 5-10 times lower than those around lower mass stars. We propose that disk photoevaporation is responsible for this behavior. In Herbig Be stars, the UV radiation disperses the gas in the outer disk on a timescale of a few 10^5 yr. Once the outer part of the disk has vanished, the entire gaseous disk is photoevaporated on a very short timescale (10^5 yr) and only a small, dusty disk consisting of large grains remains.

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