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arXiv 0812.0241astro-ph
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不稳定吸积可能的准周期振荡:三维MHD模拟

Possible Quasi-Periodic Oscillations from Unstable Accretion: 3D MHD Simulations

Akshay K. Kulkarni, Marina M. Romanova

摘要:

我们调查的光度变化的磁化星,特别是中子星,吸积通过磁瑞利-泰勒型不稳定性在磁盘磁层接口,并比较稳定吸积过程中的变化,寻找可能的准周期振荡的目标。稳定吸积期间的光变曲线显示出恒星频率的周期性,有时是两倍,这是由于在磁极附近存在两个漏斗流产生对映热点。另一方面,光曲线在不稳定的吸积通过舌头穿透磁层更混乱,由于舌头的随机行为,并产生噪声功率谱。然而,功率谱确实显示出一些准周期性变化的迹象。最重要的是,除了最强烈的不稳定情况外,舌状物和由此产生的热点的旋转频率接近于内盘轨道频率。因此,在较长的模拟中,在该频率下观察到QPO的可能性很高。此外,光变曲线在不稳定的制度显示周期性的恒星的旋转频率在这里研究的许多情况下,再次除了在最强烈的不稳定的情况下,缺乏漏斗流和由此产生的对跖热点。噪声功率谱导致傅立叶峰的分数均方根幅度较小。我们还详细研究了恒星自转轴与磁轴之间的失准角对光变的影响,发现在失准角为$\gtrsim 25^\circ$时,恒星的周期总是出现在光变曲线中。

英文摘要:

We investigate the photometric variability of magnetized stars, particularly neutron stars, accreting through a magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor-type instability at the disk-magnetosphere interface, and compare it with the variability during stable accretion, with the goal of looking for possible quasi-periodic oscillations. The lightcurves during stable accretion show periodicity at the star's frequency and sometimes twice that, due to the presence of two funnel streams that produce antipodal hotspots near the magnetic poles. On the other hand, lightcurves during unstable accretion through tongues penetrating the magnetosphere are more chaotic due to the stochastic behaviour of the tongues, and produce noisier power spectra. However, the power spectra do show some signs of quasi-periodic variability. Most importantly, the rotation frequency of the tongues and the resulting hotspots is close to the inner-disk orbital frequency, except in the most strongly unstable cases. There is therefore a high probability of observing QPOs at that frequency in longer simulations. In addition, the lightcurves in the unstable regime show periodicity at the star's rotation frequency in many of the cases investigated here, again except in the most strongly unstable cases which lack funnel flows and the resulting antipodal hotspots. The noisier power spectra result in the fractional rms amplitudes of the Fourier peaks being smaller. We also study in detail the effect of the misalignment angle between the rotation and magnetic axes of the star on the variability, and find that at misalignment angles $\gtrsim 25^\circ$, the star's period always appears in the lightcurves.

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