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arXiv 0811.4752hep-ph
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GSI-FAIR能重离子碰撞中QCD一级相变的干涉特征

Interferometry signatures for QCD first-order phase transition in heavy ion collisions at GSI-FAIR energies

Li-Li Yu, M. J. Efaaf, Yan-Yu Ren, Wei-Ning Zhang

摘要:

利用干涉对的量子输运技术,研究了GSI-FAIR能区重离子碰撞中产生的π介子和K介子粒子发射源的Hanbury-Brown-Twiss(HBT)干涉特征.用相对论流体力学描述了从夸克-胶子等离子体(QGP)到强子物质的一级相变系统状态方程。我们使用量子概率幅的路径积分形式来计算两粒子的关联函数,其中粒子衰变和多次散射的影响被考虑在内。我们发现,在相同的初始条件下,K介子的HBT半径小于π介子的HBT半径。π介子和K介子的HBT半径都随系统初始能量密度的增大而增大。π介子和K介子源的HBT寿命对初始能量密度敏感。当初始能量密度被调整到QGP和混合相之间的相边界时,它们被显著地延长。在GSI-FAIR能量范围内的入射能量的重离子碰撞中可能观察到π介子和K介子的HBT寿命的这种缩短。

英文摘要:

Using the technique of quantum transport of the interfering pair we examine the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry signatures for the particle-emitting sources of pions and kaons produced in the heavy ion collisions at GSI-FAIR energies. The evolution of the sources is described by relativistic hydrodynamics with the system equation of state of the first-order phase transition from quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to hadronic matter. We use quantum probability amplitudes in a path-integral formalism to calculate the two-particle correlation functions, where the effects of particle decay and multiple scattering are taken into consideration. We find that the HBT radii of kaons are smaller than those of pions for the same initial conditions. Both the HBT radii of pions and kaons increase with the system initial energy density. The HBT lifetimes of the pion and kaon sources are sensitive to the initial energy density. They are significantly prolonged when the initial energy density is tuned to the phase boundary between the QGP and mixed phase. This prolongations of the HBT lifetimes of pions and kaons may likely be observed in the heavy ion collisions with an incident energy in the GSI-FAIR energy range.

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