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arXiv 0811.3590astro-ph
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原行星盘中的硅

Silica in Protoplanetary Disks

B. A. Sargent, W. J. Forrest, C. Tayrien, M. K. McClure, A. Li, A. R. Basu, P. Manoj, D. M. Watson, C. J. Bohac, E. Furlan, K. H. Kim, J. D. Green, G. C. Sloan

摘要:

用斯皮策太空望远镜上的红外光谱仪(IRS)拍摄的几颗金牛座T星(TTS)的中红外光谱显示出明显的窄发射特征,表明二氧化硅(结晶二氧化硅)。硅并不是星际介质的主要成分,因此,TTS的星周原行星盘中存在的任何硅都必须主要是这些恒星周围盘中原始尘埃物质加工的结果。我们在我们的光谱模型二氧化硅发射功能使用的不透明度的各种多晶型二氧化硅和他们的无定形版本计算从地球上的实验室测量。这种建模表明,在连续较高的温度和低压下形成的二氧化硅,鳞石英和方石英的两种多晶型物是我们样品的TTS中二氧化硅的主要形式。这些存在于原行星盘中的高温、低压多晶型二氧化硅,与在81 P/怀尔德2号彗星的星尘任务中收集到的彗星尘埃样本中发现的一种主要由鳞石英组成的颗粒相一致。这些原行星盘中的二氧化硅可能来自顽火辉石的不一致熔融或来自无定形辉石的不一致熔融,后者与前者类似。1200 K-1300 K的高温和晶化鳞石英或方石英所需的快速冷却,限制了这些原行星盘中可能形成二氧化硅的机制,暗示了这些颗粒在假设产生球粒的瞬时加热事件中的加工。

英文摘要:

Mid-infrared spectra of a few T Tauri stars (TTS) taken with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope show prominent narrow emission features indicating silica (crystalline silicon dioxide). Silica is not a major constituent of the interstellar medium; therefore, any silica present in the circumstellar protoplanetary disks of TTS must be largely the result of processing of primitive dust material in the disks surrouding these stars. We model the silica emission features in our spectra using the opacities of various polymorphs of silica and their amorphous versions computed from earth-based laboratory measurements. This modeling indicates that the two polymorphs of silica, tridymite and cristobalite, which form at successively higher temperatures and low pressures, are the dominant forms of silica in the TTS of our sample. These high temperature, low pressure polymorphs of silica present in protoplanetary disks are consistent with a grain composed mostly of tridymite named Ada found in the cometary dust samples collected from the STARDUST mission to Comet 81P/Wild 2. The silica in these protoplanetary disks may arise from incongruent melting of enstatite or from incongruent melting of amorphous pyroxene, the latter being analogous to the former. The high temperatures of 1200K-1300K and rapid cooling required to crystallize tridymite or cristobalite set constraints on the mechanisms that could have formed the silica in these protoplanetary disks, suggestive of processing of these grains during the transient heating events hypothesized to create chondrules.

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