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arXiv 0811.3446astro-ph
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z ~ 2.3的扩展莱曼α星云:一个极其罕见和强烈的星群?

Extended Lyman Alpha Nebulae at z ~ 2.3: An Extremely Rare and Strongly Clustered Population?

Yujin Yang, Ann Zabludoff, Christy Tremonti, Daniel Eisenstein, Romeel Davé

摘要:

为了获得明亮LyA斑点[L(LyA)> 10^43尔格/秒]的无偏差样本,我们使用Steward Bok-2.3米望远镜在NOAO深宽视场巡天Bootes视场进行了盲宽视场窄带成像巡天。在搜索了4.82平方米后,在z=2.3 °时,我们发现了四个LyA斑点,L(LyA)= 1.6-5.3 x 10^43尔格/s,等照度区为28-57 sq。和宽的LyA谱线轮廓(FWHM = 900-1250 km/s)。与高z射电星系相关的扩展莱曼α晕相比,我们的四个斑点中没有一个是射电大声的。这些斑点的X射线光度和光谱是不同的。其中两个斑点(3和4)被X射线探测到,其LX(2-7 keV)= 2-4 x 10^44 ergs/s,并具有活动星系核特征的宽光发射线(C IV),这意味着我们的样品斑点中有50%与强活动星系核有关。另外50%的斑点(1和2)没有X射线或光学检测到AGN下降到类似的极限。这四个斑点的数密度约为3 x 10^{-6} Mpc^{-3},与红移相似的星系团相当,比z=3.1的SSA 22原星系团低3倍,即使考虑到该区域的过密度。这两个X射线未探测到的斑点仅相隔70”(550 kpc),并且具有几乎相同的红移(沿视线< 360 kpc),这表明它们是同一系统的一部分。考虑到斑点的稀有性和我们发现的一对紧密配对,我们推测斑点占据了密度最高的区域,因此可能是今天丰富的星系团的前身。

英文摘要:

To obtain an unbiased sample of bright LyA blobs [L(LyA) > 10^43 ergs/s], we have undertaken a blind, wide-field, narrow-band imaging survey in the NOAO Deep Wide Field Survey Bootes field with the Steward Bok-2.3m telescope. After searching over 4.82 sq. degrees at z=2.3, we discover four LyA blobs with L(LyA) = 1.6-5.3 x 10^43 ergs/s, isophotal areas of 28-57 sq. arcsec, and broad LyA line profiles (FWHM = 900-1250 km/s). In contrast with the extended Lyman alpha halos associated with high-z radio galaxies, none of our four blobs are radio-loud. The X-ray luminosities and optical spectra of these blobs are diverse. Two blobs (3 and 4) are X-ray-detected with L_X(2-7 keV) = 2-4 x 10^44 ergs/s and have broad optical emission lines (C IV) characteristic of AGN, implying that 50% of our sample blobs are associated with strong AGN. The other 50% of blobs (1 and 2) are not X-ray or optically-detected as AGN down to similar limits. The number density of the four blobs is ~3 x 10^{-6} Mpc^{-3}, comparable to that of galaxy clusters at similar redshifts and 3x lower than that found in the SSA22 proto-cluster at z=3.1, even after accounting for the over-density of that region. The two X-ray undetected blobs are separated by only 70" (550 kpc) and have almost identical redshifts (< 360 kpc along the line-of-sight), suggesting that they are part of the same system. Given the rarity of the blobs and our discovery of a close pair, we speculate that blobs occupy the highest density regions and thus may be precursors of today's rich cluster galaxies.

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