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arXiv 0811.2095astro-ph
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超亮Ia型超新星的观测特征和可能的非球面性

Observational Characteristics and Possible Asphericity of Over-Luminous Type Ia Supernovae

Keiichi Maeda, Koichi Iwamoto

摘要:

一些Ia型超新星(SNe Ia)被认为是一颗超级塞拉塞卡质量的白矮星(WD)的爆炸,以解释它们的大光度,需要大量的56 Ni。然而,候选的过亮超新星Ia 2003 fg、2006 gz和(中度过亮)SN 1991 T有着非常不同的观测特征:特征时间尺度和速度非常不同。我们检查是否以及如何解释的多样性,一维球面辐射传输计算涵盖了广泛的模型参数(例如,WD质量)。SN 2006gz的观测结果自然可以用超拉塞卡质量模型来解释。SN 1991 T代表了一个边缘情况,它可能是一个巨大的WD爆炸,也可能是一个超级巨大的WD爆炸。另一方面,SN 2003fg的低速和短时标表明喷出物质量小于Ekrasekhar质量,这与其大光度明显矛盾。我们认为,如果前体WD,从而SN爆炸,是非球面的,这个问题就解决了。这可能反映了母星的快速旋转,可能是超巨拉塞卡质量WD母星的结果。SNe 2003fg和2006gz之间的差异可能是由于不同的观察方向。

英文摘要:

A few Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) have been suggested to be an explosion of a super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf (WD) to account for their large luminosities, requiring a large amount of 56Ni. However, the candidate over-luminous SNe Ia 2003fg, 2006gz, and (moderately over-luminous) SN 1991T, have very different observational features: the characteristic time-scale and velocity are very different. We examine if and how the diversity can be explained, by 1D spherical radiation transport calculations covering a wide range of model parameters (e.g., WD mass). The observations of SN 2006gz are naturally explained by the super-Chandrasekhar-mass model. SN 1991T represents a marginal case, which may either be a Chandrasekhar or a super-Chandrasekhar-mass WD explosion. On the other hand, the low velocity and short time-scale seen in SN 2003fg indicate that the ejecta mass is smaller than the Chandrasekhar-mass, which is an apparent contradiction to the large luminosity. We suggest that the problem is solved if the progenitor WD, and thus the SN explosion, is aspherical. This may reflect a rapid rotation of the progenitor star, likely a consequence of the super-Chandrasekhar-mass WD progenitor. The observed differences between SNe 2003fg and 2006gz may be attributed to different viewing orientations.

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