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arXiv 0811.2068quant-ph
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用三缝实验检验量子力学玻恩定则

Testing Born's Rule in Quantum Mechanics with a Triple Slit Experiment

Urbasi Sinha, Christophe Couteau, Zachari Medendorp, Immo Söllner, Raymond Laflamme, Rafael Sorkin, Gregor Weihs

摘要:

In Mod. Phys. Lett. A 9,3119(1994),我们之一(R. D. S)研究了作为广义测度理论的量子力学的公式。量子力学从复振幅的绝对平方计算概率,并且所产生的干涉违反了表示互斥事件的概率的加和性的(柯尔莫哥洛夫)求和规则。然而,量子力学确实遵守一个高阶求和规则,涉及三种相互排斥的可能性的概率。我们可以设想一个更一般的理论,只要假定它违反下一个更高的和规则。在本文中,我们报告了一个正在进行的实验的结果,该实验旨在通过测量三个狭缝以及这些狭缝的所有可能组合所产生的干涉图样来测试第二个求和规则的有效性。我们使用衰减激光结合单光子计数来确认被测光的粒子特性。

英文摘要:

In Mod. Phys. Lett. A 9, 3119 (1994), one of us (R.D.S) investigated a formulation of quantum mechanics as a generalized measure theory. Quantum mechanics computes probabilities from the absolute squares of complex amplitudes, and the resulting interference violates the (Kolmogorov) sum rule expressing the additivity of probabilities of mutually exclusive events. However, there is a higher order sum rule that quantum mechanics does obey, involving the probabilities of three mutually exclusive possibilities. We could imagine a yet more general theory by assuming that it violates the next higher sum rule. In this paper, we report results from an ongoing experiment that sets out to test the validity of this second sum rule by measuring the interference patterns produced by three slits and all the possible combinations of those slits being open or closed. We use attenuated laser light combined with single photon counting to confirm the particle character of the measured light.

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