第24太阳活动周的非线性预测
Nonlinear Prediction of Solar Cycle 24
摘要:
太阳黑子的活动变化很大,预测起来很有挑战性。然而,预测是重要的,因为高峰活动对包括空间天气(卫星阻力、电信中断)在内的主要地球物理现象有着深远的影响,甚至还与全球天气模式的变化有着推测性的联系。本文研究太阳黑子活动的趋势,使用新的技术进行十年尺度的预测,目前的太阳周期(第24周)。首先利用Hurst指数$H$分析了太阳黑子周期的自相关结构,然后利用Sugihara-May算法预测了太阳黑子周期的上升时间和最大强度。在这里,我们报告完整的太阳黑子数数据集(1700-2007)的$H$ = 0.86,可靠的太阳黑子数据集(1848-2007)的$H$ = 0.88。使用Sugihara-May算法分析,我们预测第24周将在2012年12月达到最大值,约为87个太阳黑子单位。
英文摘要:
Sunspot activity is highly variable and challenging to forecast. Yet forecasts are important, since peak activity has profound effects on major geophysical phenomena including space weather (satellite drag, telecommunications outages) and has even been correlated speculatively with changes in global weather patterns. This paper investigates trends in sunspot activity, using new techniques for decadal-scale prediction of the present solar cycle (cycle 24). First, Hurst exponent $H$ analysis is used to investigate the autocorrelation structure of the putative dynamics; then the Sugihara-May algorithm is used to predict the ascension time and the maximum intensity of the current sunspot cycle. Here we report $H$ = 0.86 for the complete sunspot number dataset (1700-2007) and $H$ = 0.88 for the reliable sunspot data set (1848-2007). Using the Sugihara-May algorithm analysis, we forecast that cycle 24 will reach its maximum in December 2012 at approximately 87 sunspots units.
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