We consider the possibility that the discrete long-range ordered states of Er2Ti2O7 are selected energetically at the mean field level as an alternative scenario that suggests selection via thermal fluctuations. We show that nearest neighbour exchange interactions alone are not sufficient for this purpose, but that anisotropies arising from excited single ion crystal field states in Er2Ti2O7, together with appropriate anisotropic exchange interactions, can produce the required long range order. However, the effect of the single ion anisotropies is rather weak so we expect thermal or quantum fluctuations, in some guise, to be ultimately important in this material. We reproduce recent experimental results for the variation of magnetic Bragg peak intensities as a function of magnetic field.
Local lattice disorder in the geometrically-frustrated spin glass pyrochlore Y2Mo2O7
几何受挫的自旋玻璃Y2 Mo 2 O 7已被广泛认为是结晶有序的唯一的最近邻磁交换相互作用,J.为了测试这一论断,我们提出了X射线吸收精细结构的结果为Mo和Y K边缘作为温度的函数,并将它们与结果从有序的烧绿石,Tl 2 Mn 2 O 7。我们发现Mo-Mo对的距离在与Y-Mo对近似成直角的方向上是显著无序的。这些结果强烈表明,晶格无序成核的自旋玻璃相在这种材料中。
Theory of Two-Step Magnetic Ordering Phenomena in a Geometrically Frustrated Heisenberg Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet with Long Range Dipolar Interactions
利用平均场论研究了具有交换作用和偶极-偶极相互作用的烧绿石晶格上的海森堡反铁磁体模型。在处理偶极通过使用埃瓦尔德方法,一个软(临界)模式与一个独特的有序波矢量被选择为所有强度的偶极偶极耦合。对于弱偶极子,选择部分有序的三个子晶格自旋结构(P态),其中q_{ord} =(1/2 1/2 1/2)。一个完全有序的四个子晶格自旋结构(F态),q =(000),与P态竞争,并随着温度的降低而成为稳定的结构。我们的结果进行了比较,对其他的理论计算和连接到最近的实验结果Gd 2 Ti 2 O 7进行了讨论。
Multiple Field-Induced Phase Transitions in a Geometrically-Frustrated Dipolar Magnet - Gd2Ti2O7
场驱动的相变通常源于塞曼能量与交换或晶场各向异性之间的竞争。在这里,我们提出了一个受挫的烧绿石磁体Gd 2 Ti 2 O 7,其中晶体场分裂是小的偶极能量相比,相图。我们发现零温度临界场和那些从平均场模型得到的很好的协议。在这里,偶极相互作用耦合的真实空间和自旋空间,所以在Gd 2 Ti 2 O 7的转变产生的场诱导的“合作各向异性”,反映了破碎的烧绿石晶格的空间对称性。
We show theoretically that spin and orbital degrees of freedom in the pyrochlore oxide Y2Mo2O7, which is free of quenched disorder, can exhibit a simultaneous glass transition, working as dynamical randomness to each other. The interplay of spins and orbitals is mediated by the Jahn-Teller lattice distortion that selects the choice of orbitals, which then generates variant spin exchange interactions ranging from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic ones. Our Monte Carlo simulations detect the power-law divergence of the relaxation times and the negative divergence of both the magnetic and dielec…
We use Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the feasibility of detecting thermal order by disorder in real antiferromagnetic Ising pyrochlores, frustrated by a magnetic field applied in the $[110]$ direction. Building on an ideal system with only nearest-neighbour exchange interactions and a perfectly oriented field, we consider the effects of dipolar interactions and field misalignment. Our approach is special in that it relies more in the possibility to switch on and off the entropic drive towards order than in the absence of (or immunity to) a particular perturbation. It can then be applied,…
Extended loop algorithm for pyrochlore Heisenberg spin models with spin-ice type degeneracy: application to spin-glass transition in antiferromagnets coupled to local lattice distortions
Theory of paramagnetic scattering in highly frustrated magnets with long-range dipole-dipole interactions: The case of the Tb2Ti2O7, pyrochlore antiferromagnet
由稀土磁矩组成的高阻挫反铁磁体是目前实验和理论研究的热点。稀土离子通常具有小的交换相互作用和大的磁矩。这使得有必要详细了解长程磁偶极-偶极相互作用在这些系统中的作用,特别是在顺磁相中发展的自旋-自旋相关性的背景下,但通常无法凝聚成常规的长程磁有序相。这种情况在受抑烧绿石反铁磁体材料Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7中得到最显著的强调,尽管反铁磁居里-外斯温度Tcw ~ -20 K,但Tb 2 Ti 2 O 7在低至50 mK时不有序。在本文中,我们报告的结果从平均场论计算的顺磁弹性中子散射的高度挫折的磁系统与长程偶极-偶极相互作用,重点是Tb 2 Ti 207系统。将Tb_2Ti_2O_7模拟为反铁磁<111>Ising烧绿石,发现平均场顺磁散射与实验观测结果不一致.通过简单的对称性参数,我们表明,所观察到的Tb 2 Ti 207中的顺磁相关被排除由任何自旋哈密顿量,认为只有伊辛自旋,但定性一致的海森堡矩。明确计算的顺磁散射模式的<111>伊辛和海森堡模型,其中包括有限的单离子各向异性,支持这些主张。我们提供的建议,调和需要恢复自旋各向同性与伊辛样结构所建议的单离子性质的Tb 3+。
Soft dipolar spin ice physics and the ordered phase of the frustrated Tb2Sn2O7 pyrochlore magnet
从一个微观模型的烧绿石反铁磁体Tb 2Sn 2 O 7,包括晶体场的哈密顿量和角动量之间的相互作用,我们计算了一个有效的赝自旋-1/2哈密顿量Heff$,纳入微扰的有效相互作用的激发晶体场水平的影响。我们得到的半经典基态的Heff和找到一个区域的参数空间与两个在/两个出自旋冰配置上的每个四面体与有序波矢量q=0和自旋倾斜远离当地伊辛轴中发现Tb 2 Sn 2 O 7。这种基态也可以从偶极自旋冰模型中得到,其中伊辛约束被软化。后一种模型的蒙特卡罗模拟揭示了一个区域的相图与自旋冰状冻结和另一个过渡到Tb 2Sn 2 O 7型长程序。我们评论Tb_2Sn_2O_7和令人困惑的自旋液体Tb_2Ti_2O_7之间的差异。
Fluctuation-Driven Selection at Criticality in a Frustrated Magnetic System: the Case of Multiple-k Partial Order on the Pyrochlore Lattice
我们研究了烧绿石晶格上周期性排列的无序(顺磁性)位置的部分有序相的问题,烧绿石晶格是一个角共享四面体的网络。这些相位的周期性由一个或多个波矢量k=(1/2 1/2 1/2)表征。从一般微观哈密顿量,包括各向异性最近邻交换,长程偶极相互作用和第二和第三最近邻交换,我们确定使用标准平均场论(S-MFT)的扩展范围的相互作用参数,支持部分有序相。我们证明,忽略s-MFT中的热波动是负责选择一个特定的部分有序相,例如“4-k”相超过“1-k”相。我们认为,过渡到4-k相是连续的,其临界性质控制的立方不动点的Ginzburg-Landau理论与4分量矢量序参数。通过将最初用于研究自旋玻璃涨落的Thouless-Anderson-Palmer方法的扩展与平行回火蒙特卡罗模拟相结合,我们建立了不同类型的部分有序相的相图。我们的研究结果阐明了长期以来的困惑有关的起源的4-k部分有序相观察到的Gd 2 Ti 2 O 7偶极烧绿石反铁磁体低于其顺磁相变温度。
Thermodynamic Spin Glass Phase Induced by Weak Random Exchange Disorder in a Classical Spin Liquid: the Case of the Pyrochlore Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
在烧绿石磁体Y2 Mo 2 O 7中观察到的玻璃态行为是一类独特的自旋玻璃系统,其中磁性Mo^{4+}离子主要通过各向同性最近邻反铁磁交换相互作用,可能还有额外的弱无序。描述这种自旋玻璃行为的一个模型是海森堡模型,它是在具有随机但严格反铁磁交换无序的烧绿石晶格上提出的。在本文中,我们提供了令人信服的数值证据,从广泛的蒙特卡罗模拟表明,该模型表现出有限的温度自旋玻璃转变,因此是一个实现的自旋玻璃诱导的随机弱无序自旋液体。结果表明,Y_2Mo_2O_7的自旋玻璃态是由有效强无序驱动的。
Effects of local lattice distortions on the spin ordering are investigated for the antiferromagnetic classical Heisenberg model on the pyrochlore lattice. It is found by Monte Carlo simulations that the spin-lattice coupling (SLC) originating from site phonons induces a first-order transition into two different types of collinear magnetic ordered states. The state realized at stronger SLC is cubic symmetric characterized by the magnetic (1/2,1/2,1/2) Bragg peaks, while that at weaker SLC is tetragonal symmetric characterized by the (1,1,0) ones, each accompanied by the commensurate local latti…
Using $\rm Er_2Ti_2O_7$ as a motivation, we investigate finite-field properties of $XY$ pyrochlore antiferromagnets. In addition to a fluctuation-induced six-fold anisotropy present in zero field, an external magnetic field induces a combination of two-, three-, and six-fold clock terms as a function of its orientation providing for a rich and controllable magnetothermodynamics. For $\rm Er_2Ti_2O_7$, we predict a new phase transition for ${\bf H}\parallel [001]$. Re-entrant transitions are also found for ${\bf H}\parallel [111]$. We extend these results to the whole family the $XY$ pyrochlore…
We study the pyrochlore Heisenberg antiferromagnet with additional positive biquadratic interaction in the semiclassical limit. The classical ground state manifold of the model contains an extensively large family of non-coplanar spin states known as "color ice states". Starting from a color ice state, a subset of spins may rotate collectively at no energy cost. Such excitation may be viewed in this three-dimensional system as a "membrane-like" analog of the well-known weathervane modes in the classical kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet. We investigate the weathervane modes in detail and eluci…
We demonstrate the appearance of thermal order by disorder in Ising pyrochlores with staggered antiferromagnetic order frustrated by an applied magnetic field. We use a mean-field cluster variational method, a low-temperature expansion and Monte Carlo simulations to characterise the order-by-disorder transition. By direct evaluation of the density of states we quantitatively show how a symmetry-broken state is selected by thermal excitations. We discuss the relevance of our results to experiments in $2d$ and $3d$ samples, and evaluate how anomalous finite-size effects could be exploited to det…
Nematic, vector-multipole, and plateau-liquid states in the classical O(3) pyrochlore antiferromagnet with biquadratic interactions in applied magnetic field