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arXiv 0809.3042physics.bio-ph
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广义能量库模型中布朗粒子的主动运动

Active motions of Brownian particles in a generalized energy-depot model

Yong Zhang, Chul Koo Kim, Kong-Ju-Bock Lee

摘要:

我们提出了一个广义的能量库模型,其中的内能转化为运动的速度可以依赖于一个粒子的位置和速度。当转化率是速度的一般函数时,活性颗粒表现出多种运动模式,包括制动机制和步进运动。系统地研究了运动的相轨迹。随着特定形式的转换率取决于位置和速度,粒子显示出自发振荡的特征负刚度。这些主动行为类型与生物学中观察到的类似现象,如分子马达的步进运动和听觉机制中的放大进行了比较。因此,我们的模型可以提供一个通用的理解有关的能量转换的主动运动,也是一个新的控制机制的纳米机器人。我们还研究了噪声的影响,特别是对步进运动,并观察到随机行走的行为,如预期的。

英文摘要:

We present a generalized energy-depot model in which the conversion rate of the internal energy into motion can be dependent on the position and the velocity of a particle. When the conversion rate is a general function of the velocity, the active particle exhibits diverse patterns of motion including a braking mechanism and a stepping motion. The phase trajectories of the motion are investigated in a systematic way. With a particular form of the conversion rate dependent on the position and velocity, the particle shows a spontaneous oscillation characterizing a negative stiffness. These types of active behaviors are compared with the similar phenomena observed in biology such as the stepping motion of molecular motors and the amplification in hearing mechanism. Hence, our model can provide a generic understanding of the active motion related to the energy conversion and also a new control mechanism for nano-robots. We also investigate the noise effect, especially on the stepping motion and observe the random walk-like behavior as expected.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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