纤细裸藻的运动：主动涨落和速度分布
Motion of Euglena Gracilis: Active Fluctuations and Velocity Distribution
摘要：
利用光学显微镜和理论研究了单细胞浮游藻类纤细裸藻的流速分布。为了表征在小速度下实验观察到的分布的独特特征，我们使用主动波动的概念，该概念最近被提出用于描述随机自推进粒子[Romanczuk，P.和Schimansky-Geier，L.，物理修订信函106，230601（2011）]。在这个概念中，波动的力量出现由于内部随机性能的推进电机。波动力的方向与推进力作用的航向方向平行。在理论中，我们通过仓库模型引入主动运动[Schweitzer等人，物理修订信函80，23，5044（1998）]。我们表明，理论预测的基础上的仓库模型与主动波动与实验观察到的速度分布是一致的。除了加性有源噪声模型外，我们还得到了乘性噪声恒定推进的理论结果。
英文摘要：
We study the velocity distribution of unicellular swimming algae Euglena gracilis using optical microscopy and theory. To characterize a peculiar feature of the experimentally observed distribution at small velocities we use the concept of active fluctuations, which was recently proposed for the description of stochastically self-propelled particles [Romanczuk, P. and Schimansky-Geier, L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 230601 (2011)]. In this concept, the fluctuating forces arise due to internal random performance of the propulsive motor. The fluctuating forces are directed in parallel to the heading direction, in which the propulsion acts. In the theory, we introduce the active motion via the depot model [Schweitzer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 23, 5044 (1998)]. We demonstrate that the theoretical predictions based on the depot model with active fluctuations are consistent with the experimentally observed velocity distributions. In addition to the model with additive active noise, we obtain theoretical results for a constant propulsion with multiplicative noise.
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