在极大望远镜范围内高对比度成象日冕仪的比较
Comparison of coronagraphs for high contrast imaging in the context of Extremely Large Telescopes
摘要：
我们比较了日冕的概念，并研究了它们的行为和适用性的行星发现项目与超大望远镜（ELT，30-42米级望远镜）。对于这项任务，我们分析的主要误差源，发生在一个日冕望远镜（中心遮蔽，二级支持，低阶段像差，段反射率的变化，指向错误）的相位，振幅和干涉型日冕仪的影响。该分析在检测过程的两个不同级别进行：在对于大范围的Strehl比由极限自适应光学系统（XAO）留下的未校正的残余相位下并且在散斑校准的一般和简单模型之后，假设在XAO和日冕之间存在共同的相位畸变（仪器的静态相位像差）和日冕下游的非共同相位像差（校准单元提供的差分像差）。我们得出的关键参数，每个概念将不得不应付的顺序的重要性。我们的证据三个冕状星云类别的功能，可访问的角度分离，并提出了最佳的在每种情况下。大多数时间振幅概念似乎更有利，具体而言，切趾瞳孔Lyot Coronagentum收集了足够的特性，可作为ELT的基线设计。
英文摘要：
We compare coronagraph concepts and investigate their behavior and suitability for planet finder projects with Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs, 30-42 meters class telescopes). For this task, we analyze the impact of major error sources that occur in a coronagraphic telescope (central obscuration, secondary support, low-order segment aberrations, segment reflectivity variations, pointing errors) for phase, amplitude and interferometric type coronagraphs. This analysis is performed at two different levels of the detection process: under residual phase left uncorrected by an eXtreme Adaptive Optics system (XAO) for a large range of Strehl ratio and after a general and simple model of speckle calibration, assuming common phase aberrations between the XAO and the coronagraph (static phase aberrations of the instrument) and non-common phase aberrations downstream of the coronagraph (differential aberrations provided by the calibration unit). We derive critical parameters that each concept will have to cope with by order of importance. We evidence three coronagraph categories as function of the accessible angular separation and proposed optimal one in each case. Most of the time amplitude concepts appear more favorable and specifically, the Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraph gathers the adequate characteristics to be a baseline design for ELTs.
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