用于ELT的变迹光瞳Lyot电晕放电的优化
Optimization of Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraph for ELTs
摘要：
我们研究的范围内的系外行星成像与地面望远镜的变迹光瞳Lyot日冕（APLC）的优化。APLC将光瞳平面中的切趾与仪器焦平面中的小Lyot掩模相结合。从理论的角度来看，它已经在文献中进行了深入的研究，目前正在为几个项目制造原型。这一分析主要集中在极大望远镜的情况下，但也适用于其他望远镜的设计。我们定义了一个标准，以优化APLC的望远镜特性，如中心遮挡，瞳孔形状，低阶段像差和反射率的APLC变迹函数和掩模直径的函数。具体而言，该方法被应用于未来欧洲极大望远镜（E-ELT）的两种可能设计。针对不同的望远镜特性，推导了APLC的最佳构型。我们表明，最佳配置是一个更强的功能，比其他望远镜参数的中心遮蔽尺寸。我们还表明，APLC的性能是相当不敏感的中心遮光率时，APLC是在其最佳配置操作，并证明，APLC优化的基础上的吞吐量是不合适的。
英文摘要：
We study the optimization of the Apodized Pupil Lyot Coronagraph (APLC) in the context of exoplanet imaging with ground-based telescopes. The APLC combines an apodization in the pupil plane with a small Lyot mask in the focal plane of the instrument. It has been intensively studied in the literature from a theoretical point of view, and prototypes are currently being manufactured for several projects. This analysis is focused on the case of Extremely Large Telescopes, but is also relevant for other telescope designs. We define a criterion to optimize the APLC with respect to telescope characteristics like central obscuration, pupil shape, low order segment aberrations and reflectivity as function of the APLC apodizer function and mask diameter. Specifically, the method was applied to two possible designs of the future European-Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT). Optimum configurations of the APLC were derived for different telescope characteristics. We show that the optimum configuration is a stronger function of central obscuration size than of other telescope parameters. We also show that APLC performance is quite insensitive to the central obscuration ratio when the APLC is operated in its optimum configuration, and demonstrate that APLC optimization based on throughput alone is not appropriate.
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