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arXiv 0808.2391astro-ph
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Lyman break星系中的恒星形成率:COSMOS场和次$μ$ Jy射电源群中LBG的射电堆积

Star formation rates in Lyman break galaxies: radio stacking of LBGs in the COSMOS field and the sub-$μ$Jy radio source population

C. L. Carilli, Nicholas Lee, P. Capak, E. Schinnerer, K. -S. Lee, H. McCraken, M. S. Yun, N. Scoville, V. Smolcic, M. Giavalisco, A. Datta, Y. Taniguchi, C. Megan Urry

摘要:

我们提出了一个分析的大样本的莱曼Break Galeries(LBG)在$z \sim 3$,4,和5从COSMOS领域的无线电特性。中值叠加分析产生了$z \sim 3$ LBG(U波段丢失)的统计检测,其中1.4 GHz通量密度为$0.90 \pm 0.21 μ$ Jy。堆叠发射未解析,大小为$< 1"$,或物理大小为$< 8$ kpc。根据低红移恒星形成星系中的射电-远红外相关性,这个射电光度所暗示的总恒星形成率是$31\pm 7$ $M_\odot$年$^{-1}$。从类似的紫外光度分析得出的恒星形成率为17 $M_\odot$年$^{-1}$,没有任何紫外尘埃衰减的校正。最简单的结论是,尘埃衰减因子在紫外波长处为1.8。然而,该因子显著小于通常为LBG假设的标准衰减因子$\sim 5$。我们讨论了这种差异的潜在原因,包括在$z \ge 3$的尘埃衰减因子小于较低的红移的可能性。相反,对于一个给定的恒星形成率,在非常高的红移下,射电光度可能会系统性地降低。射电光度被抑制的两个可能原因是:(i)由于在高红移处CMB的散射,相对论性电子布居的逆康普顿冷却增加,或者(ii)宇宙射线从系统较小的星系扩散。个别来源的无线电探测与0.3%的无线电响亮AGN分数一致。一个来源被确定为一个非常尘埃,极端的星暴星系(一个“亚毫米星系”)。

英文摘要:

We present an analysis of the radio properties of large samples of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at $z \sim 3$, 4, and 5 from the COSMOS field. The median stacking analysis yields a statistical detection of the $z \sim 3$ LBGs (U-band drop-outs), with a 1.4 GHz flux density of $0.90 \pm 0.21 μ$Jy. The stacked emission is unresolved, with a size $< 1"$, or a physical size $< 8$kpc. The total star formation rate implied by this radio luminosity is $31\pm 7$ $M_\odot$ year$^{-1}$, based on the radio-FIR correlation in low redshift star forming galaxies. The star formation rate derived from a similar analysis of the UV luminosities is 17 $M_\odot$ year$^{-1}$, without any correction for UV dust attenuation. The simplest conclusion is that the dust attenuation factor is 1.8 at UV wavelengths. However, this factor is considerably smaller than the standard attenuation factor $\sim 5$, normally assumed for LBGs. We discuss potential reasons for this discrepancy, including the possibility that the dust attenuation factor at $z \ge 3$ is smaller than at lower redshifts. Conversely, the radio luminosity for a given star formation rate may be systematically lower at very high redshift. Two possible causes for a suppressed radio luminosity are: (i) increased inverse Compton cooling of the relativistic electron population due to scattering off the increasing CMB at high redshift, or (ii) cosmic ray diffusion from systematically smaller galaxies. The radio detections of individual sources are consistent with a radio-loud AGN fraction of 0.3%. One source is identified as a very dusty, extreme starburst galaxy (a 'submm galaxy').

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