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arXiv 0807.4644cond-mat.stat-mech
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温度棘轮的最佳潜力

Optimal potentials for temperature ratchets

Florian Berger, Tim Schmiedl, Udo Seifert

摘要:

在空间周期性的温度分布中,过阻尼布朗粒子的定向输运可以沿周期性势诱导。在对粒子施加负载力的情况下,该设置可以作为热机来执行。对于给定的负载,最佳电势使电流最大化,从而使热机的功率输出最大化。我们计算不同的温度曲线的最佳潜力,并表明,在两个温度之间交替的周期性分段恒定的温度曲线的限制,最佳电位导致发散电流。这种发散是过阻尼极限和界面处无限温度梯度的影响,在任何实际实验中都会被切断。

英文摘要:

In a spatially periodic temperature profile, directed transport of an overdamped Brownian particle can be induced along a periodic potential. With a load force applied to the particle, this setup can perform as a heat engine. For a given load, the optimal potential maximizes the current and thus the power output of the heat engine. We calculate the optimal potential for different temperature profiles and show that in the limit of a periodic piecewise constant temperature profile alternating between two temperatures, the optimal potential leads to a divergent current. This divergence, being an effect of both the overdamped limit and the infinite temperature gradient at the interface, would be cut off in any real experiment.

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