Decay of soliton-like perturbations into vortex - anti vortex pairs

Asymmetric vortex solitons in nonlinear periodic lattices

We reveal the existence of asymmetric vortex solitons in ideally symmetric periodic lattices, and show how such nonlinear localized structures describing elementary circular flows can be analyzed systematically using the energy-balance relations. We present the examples of rhomboid, rectangular, and triangular vortex solitons on a square lattice, and also describe novel coherent states where the populations of clockwise and anti-clockwise vortex modes change periodically due to a nonlinearity-induced momentum exchange through the lattice. Asymmetric vortex solitons are expected to exist in dif…

Vortex solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates

We predict solitary vortices in quasi-planar condensates of dipolar atoms, polarized parallel to the confinement direction, with the effective sign of the dipole-dipole interaction inverted by means of a rapidly rotating field. Energy minima corresponding to vortex solitons with topological charges ${% \ell}=1$ and 2 are predicted for moderately strong dipole-dipole interaction, using an axisymmetric Gaussian ansatz. The stability of the solitons with $\ell =1$ is confirmed by full 3D simulations, whereas their counterparts with $\ell =2$ are found to be unstable against splitting into a set o…

Stabilization of bright solitons and vortex solitons in a trapless three-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate by temporal modulation of the scattering length

Using variational and numerical solutions of the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation we show that a bright soliton can be stabilized in a trapless three-dimensional attractive Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) by a rapid periodic temporal modulation of scattering length alone by using a Feshbach resonance. This scheme also stabilizes a rotating vortex soliton in two dimensions. Apart from possible experimental application in BEC, the present study suggests that the spatiotemporal solitons of nonlinear optics in three dimensions can also be stabilized in a layered Kerr medium with sign-changing n…

Stable particlelike solitons with multiply-quantized vortex lines in Bose-Einstein condensates

We show that a multiply-quantized vortex line core can be energetically stable in a harmonically trapped two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The structure, in which the condensate component with the vortex line is surrounded by the second component forming a vortex ring, can be identified as a particlelike Skyrmion with a multiply-quantized winding number, and closely resembles cosmic vortons.

凯尔文波和孤立子在经典粘性涡线中的传播

Kelvin wave and soliton propagation in classical viscous vortex filaments

本文通过数值模拟研究了经典粘性涡线中凯尔文波和孤立子的传播，验证了色散关系与凯尔文预测的一致性，并展示了孤立子碰撞及实验室实验的可行性。

Vortex-bound solitons in topological superfluid $^3$He

The different superfluid phases of $^3$He are described by $p$-wave order parameters that include anisotropy axes both in the orbital and spin spaces. The anisotropy axes characterize the broken symmetries in these macroscopically coherent quantum many-body systems. The systems' free energy has several degenerate minima for certain orientations of the anisotropy axes. As a result, spatial variation of the order parameter between two such regions, settled in different energy minima, forms a topological soliton. Such solitons can terminate in the bulk liquid, where the termination line forms a v…