D. A. Burton, A. Noble
We develop a method for investigating the relationship between the shape of a 1-particle distribution and non-linear electrostatic oscillations in a collisionless plasma, incorporating transverse thermal motion. A general expression is found for the maximum sustainable electric field, and is evaluated for a particular highly anisotropic distribution.
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We study the two component Fermi plasma. Two components are electrons and ions. Using the Quantum-Hydrodynamic model (QHD), we study the linear properties of electrostatic wave. We derive the linear dispersion relation for the system from dynamical governing equations for the system. We study the dependence of linear-dispersion relation on various parameters of the system.
Numerical and experimental evidence is given for the occurrence of the plateau states and concomitant corner modes proposed in \cite{valentini12}. It is argued that these states provide a better description of reality for small amplitude off-dispersion disturbances than the conventional Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal or cnoidal states such as those proposed in \cite{comment}
The excitation of electrostatic waves in plasma by laser electromagnetic pulse is important as it provides a scheme by which the power from the laser electromagnetic (EM) field can be transferred into the plasma medium. The paper presents a fundamentally new ponderomotive pressure-driven mechanism of excitation of electrostatic waves in an overdense magnetized plasma by a finite laser pulse. Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations using the EPOCH-4.17.10 framework have been utilized for the study of a finite laser pulse interacting with a magnetized overdense plasma medium. The external magnetic fi…
Momentum-Exchange Current Drive by Electrostatic Waves in an Unmagnetized Collisionless Plasma
本文研究了无磁化无碰撞等离子体中多物种与静电波相互作用通过动量交换驱动电流的机制，推导了通用公式，并以 Langmuir 波和离子声波为例进行了说明。
A 1D2V open boundary Vlasov-Ampere code has been implemented with the aim of making a detailed investigation of the propagation of finite amplitude electromagnetic disturbances in an inhomogeneous magnetized plasma. The code is being applied to study the propagation of an externally driven electromagnetic signal, localized at one boundary of the integration interval, through a given equilibrium plasma configuration with inhomogeneous plasma density and magnetic field.
We present a derivation of the dispersion relation for electrostatic oscillations (ESOs) in a zero temperature quantum plasma. In the latter, degenerate electrons are governed by the Wigner equation, while non-degenerate ions follow the classical fluid equations. The Poisson equation determines the electrostatic wave potential. We consider parameters ranging from semiconductor plasmas to metallic plasmas and electron densities of compressed matter such as in laser-compression schemes and dense astrophysical objects. Due to the wave diffraction caused by overlapping electron wave function due t…
Boundary plasma physics plays an important role in tokamak confinement, but is difficult to simulate in a gyrokinetic code due to the scale-inseparable nonlocal multi-physics in magnetic separatrix and open magnetic field geometry. Neutral particles are also an important part of the boundary plasma physics. In the present paper, noble electrostatic gyrokinetic techniques to simulate the flux-driven, low-beta electrostatic boundary plasma is reported. Gyrokinetic ions and drift-kinetic electrons are utilized without scale-separation between the neoclassical and turbulence dynamics. It is found …
Trines and Norreys state that a principle aim of their work on warm wave-breaking was ``to create some order in the diverse landscape of warm fluid models and establish which model is most suitable for the study of wave breaking in thermal plasma.'' Unfortunately, we must conclude that they have obfuscated more than they have clarified, and have advanced the waterbag model only by exaggerating or misstating its benefits while mischaracterizing features of alternative warm fluid theories.
Three kinds of electrostatic modes are experimentally observed to propagate along magnetic-field lines for the first time in the pair-ion plasma consisting of only positive and negative fullerene ions with an equal mass. It is found that phase lags between the density fluctuations of positive and negative ions vary from 0 to $π$ depending on the frequency and is fixed at $π$ in the cases of ion acoustic and ion plasma waves, respectively. In addition, a new mode with the phase lag about $π$ appears in an intermediate-frequency band between the acoustic and plasma waves.
It is pointed out that the unmagnetized inhomogeneous plasmas can support a low frequency electromagnetic ion wave as a normal mode like Alfven wave of magnetized plasmas. But this is a coupled mode produced by the mixing of longitudinal and transverse components of perturbed electric field due to density inhomogeneity. The ion acoustic wave does not remain electrostatic in non-uniform plasmas. On the other hand, a low frequency electrostatic wave can also exist in the pure electron plasmas. But the magnetic field fluctuations in both electron as well as in electron-ion plasmas are coupled wit…
The external and independent control of plasma flow velocity shears parallel and perpendicular to magnetic field lines is realized using segmented collisionless-plasma sources. Electrostatic ion-cyclotron instabilities are observed to be suppressed by the perpendicular flow velocity shears, the suppression physics of which is found to be distinguished into two aspects. On the other hand, the parallel flow velocity shears are demonstrated to destabilize the ion-cyclotron instabilities depending on the sign of the parallel shear in the absence of field-aligned electron drift flow.
The nonlinear frequency shift is derived in a transparent asymptotic form for intense Langmuir waves in general collisionless plasma. The formula describes both fluid and kinetic effects simultaneously. The fluid nonlinearity is expressed, for the first time, through the plasma dielectric function, and the kinetic nonlinearity accounts for both smooth distributions and trapped-particle beams. Various known limiting scalings are reproduced as special cases. The calculation avoids differential equations and can be extended straightforwardly to other nonlinear plasma waves.
A standard nonlinear Schrödinger equation has been established by using the reductive perturbation method to investigate the propagation of electrostatic dust-acoustic waves, and their modulational instability as well as the formation of localized electrostatic envelope solitons in an electron depleted unmagnetized dusty plasma system comprising opposite polarity dust grains and super-thermal positive ions. The relevant physical plasma parameters (viz., charge, mass, number density of positive and negative dust grains, and super-thermality of the positive ions, etc.) have rigorous impact to re…
Dust-acoustic wave electrostatic and self-gravitational potentials in an opposite polarity dusty plasma system
本文通过数值求解正负尘埃粒子的连续性方程和动量方程导出的耦合非线性微分方程，研究了相反极性尘埃等离子体中尘埃-声波的静电势与自引力势特性，并比较了两者差异，结果对空间和实验室等离子体系统具有参考意义。
The existence and properties of phase-space structures in current-carrying pair plasmas is studied by means of the finite amplitude expressions of the pseudo-potential method. Emphasis is given to double layers, solitary structures and periodic waves. The results can be applied to electron-positron plasmas as well as to plasmas containing heavier charged particles with the same mass and opposite charges, such as fullerene ions and dust particles. They can also help to understand numerical simulations that showed the spontaneous formation of phase-space holes in linearly stable regimes.
The calculation presented in "Rotation Velocities and Radial Electric Field in the Plasma Edge" by W. M. Stacey [Contrib. Plasma Phys. 46, (2006)] contains an inconsistent treatment of the electrostatic potential. Comparing the expressions for the potential associated with the radial electrostatic field with that associated with the poloidal electrostatic field reveals the inconsistency. A field-theoretic perspective implies that the electrostatic field must vanish in a model based upon the physics of a neutral, conducting fluid.
Ionization-Induced Electrostatic Hose Instability in Electron-Beam-Sustained Plasmas
发现电子束维持等离子体中由束流与电离产生的等离子体耦合驱动的新型静电软管不稳定性，发展了线性理论并通过PIC/MC模拟验证。
The destabilizing role of neutrino beams on the Trivelpiece-Gould modes is considered, assuming electrostatic perturbations in a magnetized plasma composed by electrons in a neutralizing ionic background, coupled to a neutrino species by means of an effective neutrino force arising from the electro-weak interaction. The magnetic field is found to significantly improve the linear instability growth rate, as calculated for Supernova type II environments. On the formal level, for wave vector parallel or perpendicular to the magnetic field the instability growth rate is found from the unmagnetized…
The emergence of a density bump at the front of a collisionless electrostatic shock wave have been observed experimentally during the ablation of an aluminium foil by a femtosecond laser pulse. We have performed numerical simulations of the dynamics of this phenomena developing alongside the generation of a package of ion-acoustic waves, exposed to a continual flow of energetic electrons, in a collisionless plasma. We present the physical interpretation of the observed effects and show that the bump consists of transit particles, namely, the accelerated ions from the dense plasma layer, and th…
The electrostatic stability of electron-positron plasmas is investigated in the point-dipole and Z-pinch limits of dipole geometry. The kinetic dispersion relation for sub-bounce-frequency instabilities is derived and solved. For the zero-Debye-length case, the stability diagram is found to exhibit singular behavior. However, when the Debye length is non-zero, a fluid mode appears, which resolves the observed singularity, and also demonstrates that both the temperature and density gradients can drive instability. It is concluded that a finite Debye length is necessary to determine the stabilit…
A starting point for deriving the Vlasov equation is the BBGKY hierarchy that describes the dynamics of coupled marginal distribution functions. With a large value of the plasma parameter one can justify eliminating 2-point correlations in terms of the 1-point function in order to derive the Vlasov Landau Lenard Balescu (VLLB) theory. Because of the high dimensionality of the problem, numerically testing the assumptions of the VLLB theory is prohibitive. In these notes we propose a physically reasonable interaction model that lowers the dimensionality of the problem and may bring such computat…
We study the spatio-temporal evolution of the nonlinear electrostatic oscillations in a cold magnetized electron-positron (e-p) plasma using both analytics and simulations. Using a perturbative method we demonstrate that the nonlinear solutions change significantly when a pure electrostatic mode is excited at the linear level instead of a mixed upper-hybrid and zero-frequency mode that is considered in a recent study. The pure electrostatic oscillations undergo phase mixing nonlinearly. However, the presence of the magnetic field significantly delays the phase-mixing compared to that observed …
The nonlinear amplitude modulation of known electrostatic plasma modes is examined in a generic manner, by applying a collisionless fluid model. Both cold (zero-temperature) and warm fluid descriptions are discussed and the results are compared. The moderately nonlinear oscillation regime is investigated by applying a multiple scale technique. The calculation leads to a Nonlinear Schrodinger-type Equation (NLSE), which describes the evolution of the slowly varying wave amplitude in time and space. The NLSE admits localized envelope (solitary wave) solutions of bright- (pulses) or dark- (holes,…
Formulation of a one-dimensional electrostatic plasma model for testing the validity of kinetic theory
本研究构建了由静电相互作用带电圆盘组成的一维等离子体模型，兼具短距一维、长距三维特征，通过求解Vlasov方程研究其集体动力学，并给出该模型用于验证等离子体动理论核心Bogoliubov假设的数值实现方案。
The formation of the gigantic dust-acoustic rouge waves (DARWs) in an electron depleted unmagnetized opposite polarity dusty plasma system is theoretically observed for the first time. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation (derived by utilizing the reductive perturbation method) has been analytically as well as numerically analyzed to identify the basic features (viz., height, thickness, and modulational instability, etc.) of DARWs. The results obtained form this investigation should be useful in understanding the basic properties of these rouge waves which can predict to be formed in electron de…
Solutions of the linearized Vlasov-Poisson equations for the electric field radiated by a time varying point charge in a three-dimensional, unbounded, spatially homogeneous plasma with a uniform background magnetic field and a uniform (static) flow velocity are expressed in terms of an equivalent integral equation in the time domain. For plasmas characterized by Maxwell distribution functions with isotropic temperatures, the kernel has a relatively simple mathematical form consisting only of elementary functions, exponential and trigonometric functions (sines and cosines), and no infinite sums…
A fluid system is derived to describe electrostatic magnetized plasma turbulence at scales somewhat larger than the Larmor radius of a given species. It is related to the Hasegawa- Mima equation, but does not conserve enstrophy, and, as a result, exhibits a forward cascade of energy, to small scales. The inertial-range energy spectrum is argued to be shallower than a -11/3 power law, as compared to the -5 law of the Hasegawa-Mima enstrophy cascade. This property, confirmed here by direct numerical simulations of the fluid system, may help explain the fluctuation spectrum observed in gyrokineti…
The problem of collisions in a plasma is a wide subject with a huge historical literature. In fact, the description of realistic plasmas is a tough problem to attach, both from the theoretical and the numerical point of view, and which requires in general to approximate the original collisional Landau integral by simplified differential operators in reduced dimensionality. In this paper, a Eulerian time-splitting algorithm for the study of the propagation of electrostatic waves in collisional plasmas is presented. Collisions are modeled through one-dimensional operators of the Fokker-Planck ty…
Distinct parallel electrostatic collisionless shocks in hot-cold ablative mixing plasmas
本研究通过一维VPIC模拟和理论分析，揭示了热冷烧蚀混合等离子体中平行静电无碰撞激波的形成机制，发现其主要受温度而非压力控制，并阐明了电子热通量的自由流极限与对流标度特性。
The kinetic theory of collisionless electrostatic shocks resulting from the collision of plasma slabs with different temperatures and densities is presented. The theoretical results are confirmed by self-consistent particle-in-cell simulations, revealing the formation and stable propagation of electrostatic shocks with very high Mach numbers ($M \gg 10$), well above the predictions of the classical theories for electrostatic shocks.
The quantum hydrodynamic model of the electrostatic waves in the two parallel layers of two dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) is developed. It is considered for two regimes: classic regime and quantum regime with the separate spin evolution. Two Langmuir-like waves are found in classic case which have an interference-like pattern in the frequency dependence on concentration $ω^{2}\sim(n_{01}+n_{02}\pm2\sqrt{n_{01}n_{02}})$. They appear instead of two 2D Langmuir waves in noninteracting 2DEGs. The spectrum of four waves is found in the quantum regime. Two extra waves are related to the separat…
Space-time structured plasma waves
本文提出具有时空相关性的结构化静电波包，其性质独立于等离子体条件，可任意控制群速度并保持局域能量，可通过叠加等离子体自然模式构建并由时空结构化激光脉冲激发。
Electrostatic (E) fields associated with the interaction of a well-controlled, high-power, nanosecond laser pulse with an underdense plasma are diagnosed by proton radiography. Using a current 3D wave propagation code equipped with nonlinear and nonlocal hydrodynamics, we can model the measured E-fields that are driven by the laser ponderomotive force in the region where the laser undergoes filamentation. However, strong fields of up to 110 MV/m measured in the first millimeter of propagation cannot be reproduced in the simulations. This could point to the presence of unexpected strong thermal…
Motivated by observations of localized electrostatic wavepackets by the Voyager 1 and 2 and Cassini missions in Saturn's magnetosphere, we have investigated the evolution of modulated electrostatic wavepackets in a dusty plasma environment. The well-known dust-ion acoustic (DIA) mode was selected to explore the dynamics of multi-dimensional structures, by means of a Davey-Stewartson (DS) model, by taking into account the presence of a highly energetic (suprathermal, kappa-distributed) electron population in combination with heavy (immobile) dust in the background. The modulational (in)stabilit…
The propagation of electrostatic waves in an unmagnetized collisionless pair-ion plasma with immobile positively charged dusts is studied for both large- and small-amplitude perturbations. Using a two-fluid model for pair-ions, it is shown that there appear two linear ion modes, namely the "fast" and "slow" waves in dusty pair-ion plasmas. The properties of these wave modes are studied with different mass $(m)$ and temperature $(T)$ ratios of negative to positive ions, as well as the effects of immobile charged dusts $(δ)$. For large-amplitude waves, the pseudopotential approach is performed, …
We examine the properties of linear electrostatic waves in unmagnetized quantum and classical plasmas consisting of one or two populations of electrons with analytically tractable distribution functions in the presence of a stationary neutralising ion background. Beginning with the kinetic quantum plasma longitudinal susceptibility, we assess the effects due to increasing complexity of the background distribution function. Firstly, we analyse dispersion and Landau damping in one-component plasmas and consider distribution functions with a variety of analytical properties: the Dirac delta funct…
A nonlinear Schrödinger equation is derived to investigate the modulational instability (MI) of ion-acoustic (IA) waves (IAWs) in a double pair plasma system containing adiabatic positive and negative ion fluids along with super-thermal electrons and positrons. The analytical analysis predicts two types of modes, viz. fast ($ω_f$) and slow ($ω_s$) IA modes. The possible stable and unstable parametric regions for the IAWs in presence of external perturbation can be observed for both $ω_f$ and $ω_s$. The number density of the negative ions and positrons play a vital role in generating the IA rog…
The localized deposition of the energy of a laser pulse, as it ablates a solid target, introduces high thermal pressure gradients in the plasma. The thermal expansion of this laser-heated plasma into the ambient medium (ionized residual gas) triggers the formation of non-linear structures in the collision-less plasma. Here an electron-proton plasma is modelled with a particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation to reproduce aspects of this plasma expansion. A jump is introduced in the thermal pressure of the plasma, across which the otherwise spatially uniform temperature and density change by the factor…
The propagation of ion acoustic shocks in nonthermal plasmas is investigated, both analytically and numerically. An unmagnetized collisionless electron-ion plasma is considered, featuring a superthermal (non-Maxwellian) electron distribution, which is modeled by a $κ$- (kappa) distribution function. Adopting a multiscale approach, it is shown that the dynamics of low-amplitude shocks is modeled by a hybrid Korteweg-de Vries -- Burgers (KdVB) equation, in which the nonlinear and dispersion coefficients are functions of the $κ$ parameter, while the dissipative coefficient is a linear function of…
Ponderomotive force due to the intrinsic spin for electrostatic waves in a magnetized plasma
本文利用包含自旋-轨道修正的量子动理学模型，推导了磁化等离子体中平行磁场传播静电波的有质动力解析表达式，发现 Langmuir 波和自旋共振波模中有质动力的自旋与经典贡献的主导地位随参数区间反转。
A theoretical investigation is carried out to understand the basic features of nonlinear propagation of heavy ion-acoustic (HIA) waves subjected to an external magnetic field in an electron-positron-ion (EPI) plasma which consists of cold magnetized positively charged heavy ion fluids, and superthermal distributed electrons and positrons. In the nonlinear regime, the Korteweg-de Vries (K-dV) and modified K-dV(MK-dV) equations describing the propagation of HIA waves are derived. The latter admits a solitary wave solution with both positive and negative potentials (for K-dV equation) and only po…
The plasma sheath sets a stage for a strongly nonlinear coupling of the thermal, kinetic, and electric energies of plasma in a non-equilibrium, open environment. The pressure, velocity, and electrostatic potential profiles depend strongly on the boundary condition given on the internal side (pre-sheath). By controlling the boundary values of the heat flux and the ion Mach number, we solve a set of equations for the ion temperature and the electrostatic potential. The boundary values of the ion velocity and the electrostatic potential vary due to the change of the boundary ion temperature. When…
Within the problem of the finding of the mean potential energy of the charged particle in the plasma in this work a classification of physical systems (electrolytes, dusty plasmas, plasmas) is made based on consideration, or lack thereof, of a few special additional conditions. The system considered here, as well as other systems which are described with those additional conditions imposed are treated as the systems of the "closed" type, while the systems where those conditions are fully neglected - as being of the "open" type. In the our previous investigation one- and two component systems w…
A rigorous theoretical investigation has been made on the nonlinear propagation of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves in a multi-component magnetized pair-ion plasma having inertial warm positive and negative ions, inertialess non-thermal electrons and positrons, and static negatively charged massive dust grains. The Burgers' equation is derived by employing reductive perturbation method. The plasma model supports both positive and negative shock structures in the presence of static negatively charged massive dust grains. It is found that the steepness of both positive and negative shock profiles d…
Can electrostatic stresses affect charged water structures in weakly ionized plasmas?
本文通过解析模型、分子动力学模拟和量子力学计算，研究静电应力对弱电离等离子体中纳米级带电水颗粒形状的影响，发现静电应力可使小尺寸球形颗粒拉长为椭球形，并揭示了表面张力、电子结合力及导电行为随尺度和时间的变化规律。
Massive, Long-Lived Electrostatic Potentials in a Rotating Mirror Plasma
本文提出在旋转镜等离子体中通过同时抑制漂移流剪切和平行电流，实现内部大电压降而边界小电压降，从而突破材料耐受极限，为磁化等离子体承受更大稳态电压降开辟可能。
Abstract It is shown that electrostatic plasma wakefields can efficiently radiate at harmonics of the plasma frequency when the plasma has a positive density gradient along the propagation direction of a driver. The driver propagating at a sub-luminal group velocity excites the plasma wakefield with the same phase velocity. However, due to the positive density gradient, the wake phase velocity steadily increases behind the driver. As soon as the phase velocity becomes super-luminal, the electrostatic wakefield couples efficiently to radiative electromagnetic modes. The period of time when the …
The nonlinear theory of amplitude modulation of electrostatic wave envelopes in a collisionless electron-positron (EP) pair plasma is studied by using a set of Vlasov-Poisson equations in the context of Tsallis' $q$-nonextensive statistics. In particular, the previous linear theory of Langmuir oscillations in EP plasmas [Phys. Rev. E {\bf87}, 053112 (2013)] is rectified and modified. Applying the multiple scale technique (MST), it is shown that the evolution of electrostatic wave envelopes is governed by a nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger (NLS) equation with a nonlocal nonlinear term $\propto {\cal{P}}…
A numerical study on ion acceleration in electrostatic shock waves is presented, with the aim of determining the best plasma configuration to achieve quasi-monoenergetic ion beams in laser-driven systems. It was recently shown that tailored near-critical density plasmas characterized by a long-scale decreasing rear density profile lead to beams with low energy spread [F. Fiúza et al., Physical Review Letters 109, 215001 (2012)]. In this work, a detailed parameter scan investigating different plasma scale lengths is carried out. As result, the optimal plasma spatial scale length that allows for…
The electrostatic perturbations in an unmagnetized, non-isothermal ($T_i{\ll}T_e$) electron-ion plasma shear flow are considered. New physical effects, arising due to the non-normality of linear dynamics, are described. It is shown that the velocity shear induces the extraction of the mean flow energy by the acoustic perturbations (ion-sound waves). The influence of the medium dispersion, rising due to the violation of quasineutrality for perturbations, is examined. It is shown that in the course of the evolution ion-sound waves turn into ion plasma oscillations. New class of nonperiodic, elec…
Electrostatic waves in a collision-free unmagnetized plasma of electrons with fixed ions are investigated for electron equilibrium velocity distribution functions that deviate slightly from Maxwellian. Of interest are undamped waves that are the small amplitude limit of nonlinear excitations, such as electron acoustic waves (EAWs). A deviation consisting of a small plateau, a region with zero velocity derivative over a width that is a very small fraction of the electron thermal speed, is shown to give rise to new undamped modes, which here are named {\it corner modes}. The presence of the plat…
Imposing quasineutrality on electrostatic plasmas via the Dirac theory of constraints
通过达芬约束理论，在静电等离子体中施加准中性，通过构造广义达芬括号实现电荷密度守恒，验证了该方法对动力学的影响。
A formalism for treating modulational interactions of electrostatic fields in collisionless quantum plasmas is developed, based on the kinetic Wigner-Poisson model of quantum plasma. This formalism can be used in a range of problems of nonlinear interaction between electrostatic fields in a quantum plasma, such as development of turbulence, self-organization, as well as transition from the weak turbulent state to strong turbulence. In particular, using this formalism, we obtain the kinetic quantum Zakharov equations, that describe nonlinear coupling of high frequency Langmuir waves to low freq…
Electrostatic two-stream instabilities play essential roles in an electrostatic collisionless shock formation. They are a key dissipation mechanism and result in ion heating and acceleration. Since the number and energy of the shock-accelerated ions depend on the instabilities, precise identification of the active instabilities is important. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations in a multicomponent plasma reveal ion reflection and acceleration at the shock front, excitation of a longitudinally propagating electrostatic instability due to a non-oscillating component of the electrostatic …
External charge perturbation in a flowing plasma and electrostatic turbulence
本文利用一维静电 hybrid-PIC-MCC 模拟运动带电碎片在等离子体中诱发的 IICSI，揭示钉扎孤子的形成条件、速度依赖关系及 Kolmogorov 型能量级联。
Based on the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model, an exact arbitrary-amplitude general solution is presented for oblique propagation of solitary excitations in two- and three-component quasineutral magnetoplasmas, adopting the standard pseudopotential approach. It is revealed that the necessary matching criterion of existence of such oblique nonlinear propagations in two and three-fluid magnetoplasmas share global features. These features are examined for the cases of electron-ion and electron-positron-ion magnetoplasmas with diverse equations of state. This study also reveals that for electron-i…
The main purpose of this work is the investigation of the influence of electron-positron-ion on the electrostatic wakefields that are driven by intense, short electromagnetic wave packets in a three component unmagnetized plasma. The equations that describes the driven electrostatic wakefield are given in the form of system of nonlinear differential equations. The solution of that system was carried out numerically and the results are displayed graphically.
The behaviour of large amplitude electrostatic waves in cold plasma is investigated in the context of Born-Infeld electrodynamics. The equations of motion for the plasma are established using an unconstrained action principle. The maximum amplitude and frequency of a large amplitude electrostatic wave are determined, and a lower bound on the wavelength is established. The maximum electric field is found to be the same as that on a point electron at rest.
Data-driven discovery of a heat flux closure for electrostatic plasma phenomena
本研究利用稀疏回归方法，从OSIRIS粒子模拟数据中识别出六个关键项，构建了适用于一维静电等离子体现象的热通量闭合模型，为无碰撞流体模拟提供了平衡计算效率与物理保真度的数据驱动解决方案。
It is pointed out that electron thermal fluctuations can couple with the ion acoustic mode in an inhomogeneous plasma to generate a low frequency ion time scale electromagnetic wave. This electromagnetic wave can become unstable if the temperature and density gradients are parallel to each other which can be the case in laser-plasmas similar to stellar cores. The comparisons of the present theoretical model with the previous investigations are also presented. The final result is applied to a classical laser induced plasma for illustration.
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