Ivo Sachs
We generalize the one-to one correspondence between quasi normal modes in 3- dimensional anti deSitter black holes and the poles of the retarded correlators in the boundary conformal field theory to include logarithmic operators in the latter. This analysis is carried out explicitly for the logarithmic mode in chiral topologically massive gravity.
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Logarithmic Celestial Conformal Field Theory
本文证明天球共形场论具有对数共形场论特征，通过红外截断极限揭示应力张量与 Liouville 复合对数伙伴的 Jordan 块结构，并由两点关联函数验证对数行为。
We construct a rank-3 finite temperature logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) starting from a higher-derivative scalar field model in the BTZ black hole background. Its zero temperature limit reduces to a rank-3 LCFT in the AdS$_3$ background. For a tricritical generalized massive gravity, we read off the log-square quasinormal frequencies of graviton from the poles of the retarded Green's function in the momentum space. After using the truncation process, we find quasinormal frequencies from a unitary conformal field theory. Finally, employing the retarded Green's functions on the bounda…
We study logarithmic conformal field theories (LCFTs) through the introduction of nilpotent conformal weights. Using this device, we derive the properties of LCFT's such as the transformation laws, singular vectors and the structure of correlation functions. We discuss the emergence of an extra energy momentum tensor, which is the logarithmic partner of the energy momentum tensor.
We construct the rank-$n$ finite temperature logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) starting from the $n$-coupled scalar field theory in the BTZ black hole background. Its zero temperature limit reduces to a rank-$n$ LCFT in the AdS$_3$ background whose gravity dual is a polycritical gravity. We compute all two-point functions of a rank-$n$ finite temperature LCFT. Using the retarded Green's functions on the boundary, we obtain quasinormal modes of scalar $A_n$ which satisfies the $2n$-th order linearized equation. Furthermore, the absorption cross section of $A_n$ indicates a feature of $\…
We study the logarithmic conformal field theories in which conformal weights are continuous subset of real numbers. A general relation between the correlators consisting of logarithmic fields and those consisting of ordinary conformal fields is investigated. As an example the correlators of the Coulomb-gas model are explicitly studied.
We study the correlation functions of logarithmic conformal field theories. First, assuming conformal invariance, we explicitly calculate two-- and three-- point functions. This calculation is done for the general case of more than one logarithmic field in a block, and more than one set of logarithmic fields. Then we show that one can regard the logarithmic field as a formal derivative of the ordinary field with respect to its conformal weight. This enables one to calculate any $n$-- point function containing the logarithmic field in terms of ordinary $n$--point functions. At last, we calculat…
We present a class of exact analytic and static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions in the semi-classical Einstein equations with Weyl anomaly. The solutions have two branches, one is asymptotically flat and the other asymptotically de Sitter. We study thermodynamic properties of the black hole solutions and find that there exists a logarithmic correction to the well-known Bekenstein-Hawking area entropy. The logarithmic term might come from non-local terms in the effective action of gravity theories. The appearance of the logarithmic term in the gravity side is quite important in the …
Formal Loewner evolution is connected to conformal field theory. In this letter we introduce an extension of Loewner evolution, which consists of two coupled equations and connect the martingales of these equations to the null vectors of logarithmic conformal field theory.
Various massive gravity theories in three dimensions are conjecturally dual to logarithmic conformal field theories (LCFTs). We summarise the status of these conjectures. LCFTs are characterised by the values of the central charges and the so-called "new anomalies". We employ a short-cut to calculate these new anomalies in generalised massive gravity and in the recently proposed higher-derivative gravity theories with holographic c-theorem. Both cases permit LCFTs exhibiting intriguing features, like rank three Jordan cells or non-zero central charges. Finally, as an example we discuss in some…
We study the generalized massive gravity in three dimensional flat spacetime. A massive logarithmic mode is propagating in the flat spacetime at the critical point where two masses degenerate. Furthermore, we discuss the logarithmic extension of the Galilean conformal algebra (GCA) which may arise from the exotic and standard rank-2 logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) on the boundary of AdS3 spacetime.
Logarithmic conformal field theories and AdS correspondence
本文将对偶对应推广至对数共形场论，通过AdS/边界对应计算得到d维对数共形场论的n点函数。
Null vectors are generalized to the case of indecomposable representations which are one of the main features of logarithmic conformal field theories. This is done by developing a compact formalism with the particular advantage that the stress energy tensor acting on Jordan cells of primary fields and their logarithmic partners can still be represented in form of linear differential operators. Since the existence of singular vectors is subject to much stronger constraints than in regular conformal field theory, they also provide a powerful tool for the classification of logarithmic conformal f…
Amongst conformal field theories, there exist logarithmic conformal field theories such as $c_{p,1}$ models. We have investigated $c_{p,q}$ models with a boundary in search of logarithmic theories and have found logarithmic solutions of two-point functions in the context of the Coulomb gas picture. We have also found the relations between coefficients in the two-point functions and correlation functions of logarithmic boundary operators, and have confirmed the solutions in [hep-th/0003184]. Other two-point functions and boundary operators have also been studied in the free boson construction o…
We define transformation of multiplets of fields (Jordan cells) under the D-dimensional conformal group, and calculate two and three point functions of fields, which show logarithmic behaviour. We also show how by a formal differentiation procedure, one can obtain n-point function of logarithmic field theory from those of ordinary conformal field theory.
We consider logarithmic conformal field theories near a boundary and derive the general form of one and two point functions. We obtain results for arbitrary and two dimensions. Application to two dimensional magnetohydrodynamics is discussed.
The local logarithmic conformal field theory corresponding to the triplet algebra at c=-2 is constructed. The constraints of locality and crossing symmetry are explored in detail, and a consistent set of amplitudes is found. The spectrum of the corresponding theory is determined, and it is found to be modular invariant. This provides the first construction of a non-chiral rational logarithmic conformal field theory, establishing that such models can indeed define bona fide conformal field theories.
Logarithmic operators and logarithmic conformal field theories are reviewed. Prominent examples considered here include c=-2 and c=0 logarithmic conformal field theories. c=0 logarithmic conformal field theories are especially interesting since they describe some of the critical points of a variety of longstanding problems involving a two dimensional quantum particle moving in a spatially random potential, as well as critical two dimensional self avoiding random walks and percolation. Lack of classification of logarithmic conformal field theories remains a major impediment to progress towards …
We discuss the partners of the stress energy tensor and their structure in Logarithmic conformal field theories. In particular we draw attention to the fundamental differences between theories with zero and non-zero central charge. We analyze the OPE for T, \bar{T} and the logarithmic partners t and \bar{t} for c=0 theories.
We obtain logarithmic behaviours of a four-point correlation function in the c=-2 conformal field theory by using the Feigin-Fuchs construction. It becomes an indeterminate form by a naive evaluation, but is obtained by introducing an appropriate regularization procedure.
Logarithmic conformal field theories with vanishing central charge describe systems with quenched disorder, percolation or dilute self-avoiding polymers. In these theories the energy momentum tensor acquires a logarithmic partner. In this talk we address the construction of possible gravity duals for these logarithmic conformal field theories and present two viable candidates for such duals, namely theories of massive gravity in three dimensions at a chiral point.
We use the correspondence between scalar field theory on AdS and induced conformal field theory on its boundary to calculate correlation functions of logarithmic conformal field theory in arbitrary dimensions.Our calculations utilize the newly proposed method of nilpotent weights.We derive expressions for the four point function assuming a generic interaction term
Starting from first principles, a constructive method is presented to obtain boundary states in conformal field theory. It is demonstrated that this method is well suited to compute the boundary states of logarithmic conformal field theories. By studying the logarithmic conformal field theory with central charge c=-2 in detail, we show that our method leads to consistent results. In particular, it allows to define boundary states corresponding to both, indecomposable representations as well as their irreducible subrepresentations.
A general two-dimensional fractional supersymmetric conformal field theory is investigated. The structure of the symmetries of the theory is studied. Applying the generators of the closed subalgebra generated by $(L_{-1},L_{0},G_{-1/(F+1)})$ and $(\bar{L}_{-1},\bar{L}_{0},\bar{G}_{-1/(F+1)})$, the two point functions of the component-fields of supermultiplets are calculated. Then the logarithmic superconformal field theories are investigated and the chiral and full two-point functions are obtained.
A general discussion of the conformal Ward identities is presented in the context of logarithmic conformal field theory with conformal Jordan cells of rank two. The logarithmic fields are taken to be quasi-primary. No simplifying assumptions are made about the operator-product expansions of the primary or logarithmic fields. Based on a very natural and general ansatz about the form of the two- and three-point functions, their complete solutions are worked out. The results are in accordance with and extend the known results. It is demonstrated, for example, that the correlators exhibit hierarch…
We show how logarithmic terms may arise in the correlators of fields which belong to the representation of the Schrodinger-Virasoro algebra (SV) or the affine Galilean Conformal Algebra (GCA). We show that in GCA, only scaling operator can have a Jordanian form and rapidity can not. We observe that in both algebras logarithmic dependence appears along the time direction alone.
Logarithmic spin-1/3 superconformal field theories are investigated. the chiral and full two-point functions of two-(or more-) dimensional Jordanian blocks of arbitrary weights, are obtained.
We study holographic entanglement entropy for certain logarithmic conformal field theories by making use of their gravity descriptions. The corresponding gravity descriptions are provided by higher derivative gravity at critical points where the equations of motion degenerate leading to a log gravity. When the central charge of the dual theory is zero, the entanglement entropy has a new divergent term whose coefficient is given by the new anomaly of the logarithmic conformal field theory.
When Alf`ven effect is peresent in magnetohydrodynamics one is naturally lead to consider conformal field theories, which have logarithmic terms in their correlation functions. We discuss the implications of such logarithmic terms and find a unique conformal field theory with centeral charge $c=-\frac{209}{7}$, within the border of the minimal series, which satisfies all the constraints. The energy espectrum is found to be \newline $E(k)\sim k^{-\frac{13}{7}} \log{k}$.
We find the fusion rules for the c_{p,1} series of logarithmic conformal field theories. This completes our attempts to generalize the concept of rationality for conformal field theories to the logarithmic case. A novelty is the appearance of negative fusion coefficients which can be understood in terms of exceptional quantum group representations. The effective fusion rules (i.e. without signs and multiplicities) resemble the BPZ fusion rules for the virtual minimal models with conformal grid given via c = c_{3p,3}. This leads to the conjecture that (almost) all minimal models with c = c_{p,q…
The representation theory of the Virasoro algebra in the case of a logarithmic conformal field theory is considered. Here, indecomposable representations have to be taken into account, which has many interesting consequences. We study the generalization of null vectors towards the case of indecomposable representation modules and, in particular, how such logarithmic null vectors can be used to derive differential equations for correlation functions. We show that differential equations for correlation functions with logarithmic fields become inhomogeneous.
In logarithmic conformal field theory, primary fields come together with logarithmic partner fields on which the stress-energy tensor acts non-diagonally. Exploiting this fact and global conformal invariance of two- and three-point functions, operator product expansions of logarithmic operators in arbitrary rank logarithmic conformal field theory are investigated. Since the precise relationship between logarithmic operators and their primary partners is not yet sufficiently understood in all cases, the derivation of operator product expansion formulae is only possible under certain assumptions…
It is discussed how a limiting procedure of conformal field theories may result in logarithmic conformal field theories with Jordan cells of arbitrary rank. This extends our work on rank-two Jordan cells. We also consider the limits of certain three-point functions and find that they are compatible with known results. The general construction is illustrated by logarithmic limits of (unitary) minimal models in conformal field theory. Characters of quasi-rational representations are found to emerge as the limits of the associated irreducible Virasoro characters.
We study the effective theory of the conformal factor near its infrared stable fixed point.The renormalization group equations for the effective coupling constants are found and their solutions near the critical point are obtained, providing the logarithmic corrections to scaling relations.Some cosmological applications of the running of coupling constants are briefly discussed.
We construct logarithmic conformal field theories starting from an ordinary conformal field theory -- with a chiral algebra C and the corresponding space of states V -- via a two-step construction: i) deforming the chiral algebra representation on V\tensor End K[[z,1/z]], where K is an auxiliary finite-dimensional vector space, and ii) extending C by operators corresponding to the endomorphisms End K. For K=C^2, with End K being the two-dimensional Clifford algebra, our construction results in extending C by an operator that can be thought of as \partial^{-1}E, where \oint E is a fermionic scr…
We construct the representation of Double Affine Hecke Algebra whose symmetrization gives the center of the quantum group U_q(sl(2)) and by Kazhdan--Lusztig duality the Verlinde algebra of (1,p) models of logarithmic conformal field theory.
Using Exact Renormalization Group Equation approach and background field method, we investigate the one-loop problem in a six-dimensional conformal gravity theory whose Lagrangian takes the same form as holographic Weyl anomaly of multiple coincident M5-branes. We choose the backgrounds to be the symmetric Einstein spaces including S6, CP3, S2 \times S4, S2 \times CP2, S3 \times S3 and S2 \times S2 \times S2. Evaluating the functional sums gives power-law and logarithmic divergences. We extract from the specific values of logarithmic divergence on above backgrounds, the coefficient in front of…
Conformal field theories with correlation functions which have logarithmic singularities are considered. It is shown that those singularities imply the existence of additional operators in the theory which together with ordinary primary operators form the basis of the Jordan cell for the operator $L_{0}$. An example of the field theory possessing such correlation functions is given.
We study correlation functions in two-dimensional conformal field theory coupled to induced gravity in the light-cone gauge. Focussing on the fermion four-point function, we display an unexpected non-perturbative singularity structure: coupling to gravity {\it qualitatively} changes the perturbative $(x_1-x_2)^{-1}(x_3-x_4)^{-1}$ singularity into a logarithmic one plus a non-singular piece. We argue that this is related to the appearence of new logarithmic operators in the gravitationally dressed operator product expansions. We also show some evidence that non-conformal but integrable models m…
We study logarithmic operators in Coulomb gas models, and show that they occur when the ``puncture'' operator of the Liouville theory is included in the model. We also consider WZNW models for $SL(2,R)$, and for SU(2) at level 0, in which we find logarithmic operators which form Jordan blocks for the current as well as the Virasoro algebra.
It is discussed how a limiting procedure of (super)conformal field theories may result in logarithmic (super)conformal field theories. The construction is illustrated by logarithmic limits of (unitary) minimal models in conformal field theory and in N=1 superconformal field theory.
A comprehensive introduction to logarithmic conformal field theory, using an algebraic point of view, is given. A number of examples are explained in detail, including the c=-2 triplet theory and the k=-4/3 affine su(2) theory. We also give some brief introduction to the work of Zhu.
We discuss the effect of boundaries in boundary logarithmic conformal field theory and show, with reference to both $c=-2$ and $c=0$ models, how they produce new features even in bulk correlation functions which are not present in the corresponding models without boundaries. We discuss the modification of Cardy's relation between boundary states and bulk quantities.
We review the properties of quantum groups occurring as Kazhdan--Lusztig dual to logarithmic conformal field theory models. These quantum groups at even roots of unity are not quasitriangular but are factorizable and have a ribbon structure; the modular group representation on their center coincides with the representation on generalized characters of the chiral algebra in logarithmic conformal field models.
We study the possibility of extending ghost systems with higher spin to a logarithmic conformal field theory. In particular we are interested in c=-26 which turns out to behave very differently to the already known c=-2 case. The energy momentum tensor cannot be built anymore by a combination of derivatives of generalized symplectic fermion fields. Moreover, the logarithmically extended theory is only consistent when considered on nontrivial Riemann surfaces. This results in a LCFT with some unexpected properties. For instance the Virasoro mode L_0 is diagonal and for certain values of the def…
We propose a general frame work for deriving the OPEs within a logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT). This naturally leads to the emergence of a logarithmic partner of the energy momentum tensor within an LCFT, and implies that the current algebra associated with an LCFT is expanded. We derive this algebra for a generic LCFT and discuss some of its implications. We observe that two constants arise in the OPE of the energy-momentum tensor with itself. One of these is the usual central charge.
Logarithmic conformal field theories are based on vertex algebras with non-semisimple representation categories. While examples of such theories have been known for more than 25 years, some crucial aspects of local logarithmic CFTs have been understood only recently, with the help of a description of conformal blocks by modular functors. We present some of these results, both about bulk fields and about boundary fields and boundary states. We also describe some recent progress towards a derived modular functor. This is a summary of work with Terry Gannon, Simon Lentner, Svea Mierach, Gregor Sc…
I review a particular class of physical applications of Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory in strings propagating in changing (not necessarily conformal) backgrounds, namely D-brane recoil in flat or time-dependent cosmological backgrounds. The role of recoil logarithmic vertex operators as non-conformal deformations, requiring in some cases Liouville dressing, is pointed out. It is also argued that, although in the case of non-supersymmetric recoil deformations the representation of target time as a Liouville zero mode may lead to non-linear quantum mechanics for stringy defects, such non-lin…
We study the topologically massive gravity at the chiral point (chiral gravity) by using the logarithmic conformal field theory. Two new tensor fields of $ψ^{new}$ and $X$ are introduced for a candidate of propagating physical field at the chiral point. However, we show that ($ψ^{new},ψ^L$) form a dipole ghost pair of unphysical fields and $X$ is not a primary. This implies that there is no physically propagating degrees of freedom at the chiral point.
We consider the O(n) theory in the $n \to 0$ limit. We show that the theory is described by logarithmic conformal field theory, and that the correlation functions have logarithmic singularities. The explicit forms of the two-, three- and four-point correlation functions of the scaling fields and the corresponding logarithmic partners are derived.
It is shown explicitly that the correlation functions of Conformal Field Theories (CFT) with the logarithmic operators are invariant under the differential realization of Borel subalgebra of $\W_\infty$-algebra. This algebra is constructed by tensor-operator algebra of differential representation of ordinary $sl(2,C)$. This method allows us to write differential equations which can be used to find general expression for three and four-point correlation functions possessing logarithmic operators. The operator product expansion (OPE) coefficients of general logarithmic CFT are given up to third …
We study a fourth-order derivative scalar field configuration in a fixed Lifshitz background. Using an auxiliary field we rewrite the equations of motion as two coupled second order equations. We specialize to the limit that the mass of the scalar field degenerates with that of the auxiliary field and show that logarithmic modes appear. Using non-relativistic holographic methods we calculate the two-point correlation functions of the boundary operators in this limit and find evidence for a non-relativistic logarithmic conformal field theory at the boundary.
The periods of arbitrary abelian forms on hyperelliptic Riemann surfaces, in particular the periods of the meromorphic Seiberg-Witten differential, are shown to be in one-to-one correspondence with the conformal blocks of correlation functions of the rational logarithmic conformal field theory with central charge c=c(2,1)=-2. The fields of this theory precisely simulate the branched double covering picture of a hyperelliptic curve, such that generic periods can be expressed in terms of certain generalised hypergeometric functions, namely the Lauricella functions of type F_D.
Recent developments on emergence of logarithmic terms in correlators or response functions of models which exhibit dynamical symmetries analogous to conformal invariance in not necessarily relativistic systems are reviewed. The main examples of these are logarithmic Schrödinger-invariance and logarithmic conformal Galilean invariance. Some applications of these ideas to statistical physics are described.
We extend the definitions of characters and partition functions to the case of conformal field theories which contain operators with logarithmic correlation functions. As an example we consider the theories with central charge c = c(p,1) = 13-6(p+1/p), the ``border'' of the discrete minimal series. We show that there is a slightly generalized form of the property of rationality for such logarithmic theories. In particular, we obtain a classification of theories with c = c(p,1) which is similar to the A-D-E classification of c = 1 models.
We review the relations between Jordan cells in various branches of physics, ranging from quantum mechanics to massive gravity theories. Our main focus is on holographic correspondences between critically tuned gravity theories in Anti-de Sitter space and logarithmic conformal field theories in various dimensions. We summarize the developments in the past five years, include some novel generalizations and provide an outlook on possible future developments.
This lecture note covers topics on boundary conformal field theory, modular transformations and the Verlinde formula, and boundary logarithmic CFT. An introductory review on CFT with boundary and a discussion of its applications to logarithmic cases are given. LCFT at $c=-2$ is mainly discussed.
The generic structure of 4-point functions of fields residing in indecomposable representations of arbitrary rank is given. The presented algorithm is illustrated with some non-trivial examples and permutation symmetries are exploited to reduce the number of free structure-functions, which cannot be fixed by global conformal invariance alone.
We consider perturbation of a conformal field theory by a pair of relevant logarithmic operators and calculate the beta function up to two loops. We observe that the beta function can not be derived from a potential. Thus the renormalization group trajectories are not always along decreasing values of the central charge. However there exists a domain of structure constants in which the c-theorem still holds.
We analyse the fusion of representations of the triplet algebra, the maximally extended symmetry algebra of the Virasoro algebra at c=-2. It is shown that there exists a finite number of representations which are closed under fusion. These include all irreducible representations, but also some reducible representations which appear as indecomposable components in fusion products.
We review a recent development in theoretical understanding of the quenched averaged correlation functions of disordered systems and the logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT) in d-dimensions. The logarithmic conformal field theory is the generalization of the conformal field theory when the dilatation operator is not diagonal and has the Jordan form. It is discussed that at the random fixed point the disordered systems such as random-bond Ising model, Polymer chain, etc. are described by LCFT and their correlation functions have logarithmic singularities. As an example we will discuss in d…
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