生活在虚空中：用遥远的超新星检验哥白尼原理
Living in a Void: Testing the Copernican Principle with Distant Supernovae
摘要：
现代宇宙学的一个基本前提是哥白尼原理;我们不在宇宙的中心或其他特殊区域。对Ia型超新星的研究，加上哥白尼原理，导致了宇宙正在加速膨胀的推论。对此通常的解释是，必须存在一种“暗能量”，以驱动加速。另一种情况是，哥白尼原理是无效的，并且数据是在不适当的理论框架内解释的。如果我们生活在宇宙中一个特殊的地方，靠近一个空洞的中心，那里的局部物质密度很低，那么超新星的观测就可以在不增加暗能量的情况下得到解释。我们发现，本地红移的光度距离的依赖性，可以作为一个明确的判别这两种范式之间。未来对Ia型超新星的观测将集中在~0.1-0.4的红移范围内，这将非常适合于检验这一假设，从而在新的尺度上通过观测确定哥白尼原理的有效性，以及探测暗能量在多大程度上必须被认为是宇宙中的必要成分。
英文摘要：
A fundamental presupposition of modern cosmology is the Copernican Principle; that we are not in a central, or otherwise special region of the Universe. Studies of Type Ia supernovae, together with the Copernican Principle, have led to the inference that the Universe is accelerating in its expansion. The usual explanation for this is that there must exist a `Dark Energy', to drive the acceleration. Alternatively, it could be the case that the Copernican Principle is invalid, and that the data has been interpreted within an inappropriate theoretical frame-work. If we were to live in a special place in the Universe, near the centre of a void where the local matter density is low, then the supernovae observations could be accounted for without the addition of dark energy. We show that the local redshift dependence of the luminosity distance can be used as a clear discriminant between these two paradigms. Future surveys of Type Ia supernovae that focus on a redshift range of ~0.1-0.4 will be ideally suited to test this hypothesis, and hence to observationally determine the validity of the Copernican Principle on new scales, as well as probing the degree to which dark energy must be considered a necessary ingredient in the Universe.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
