Kanabu Nawa, Hideo Suganuma, Toru Kojo
We perform the first study of baryons in holographic QCD with $D4/D8/\bar{D8}$ multi-$D$ brane system in type IIA superstring theory. The baryon is described as a chiral soliton solution in the four-dimensional meson effective action derived from holographic QCD. We also present a brief review of the holographic model from the viewpoints of recent hadron physics and QCD phenomenologies.
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Bilocal holography is a constructive approach to the higher spin theory holographically dual to $O(N)$ vector models. In contrast to other approaches to bulk reconstruction, bilocal holography does not take input from the dual gravitational theory. The resulting map is a complete bulk/boundary mapping in that it maps the complete set of $O(N)$ invariant degrees of freedom in the CFT, to the complete set of higher spin degrees of freedom. After restricting to a suitable code subspace we demonstrate that bilocal holography naturally reproduces the quantum error correcting properties of holograph…
In this article we review recent progress on the holographic modelling of field theories with Lifshitz symmetry. We focus in particular on the holographic dictionary for Lifshitz backgrounds - the relationship between bulk fields and boundary operators, operator correlation functions and underlying geometrical structure. The holographic dictionary is essential in identifying the universality class of strongly coupled Lifshitz theories described by gravitational models.
We show that the holographic entropy bound for gravitational systems and the Bekenstein entropy bound for nongravitational systems are holographically related. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we find that the Bekenstein bound on the boundary is obtained from the holographic bound in the bulk by minimizing the boundary energy with respect the AdS radius or the cosmological constant. This relation may also ameliorate some problems associated with the Bekenstein bound.
The holographic bound states that the entropy in a region cannot exceed one quarter of the area (in Planck units) of the bounding surface. A version of the holographic principle that can be applied to cosmological spacetimes has recently been given by Fischler and Susskind. This version can be shown to fail in closed spacetimes and they concluded that the holographic bound may rule out such universes. In this paper I give a modified definition of the holographic bound that holds in a large class of closed universes. Fischler and Susskind also showed that the dominant energy condition follows f…
Flat Holography & Holographic Renormalization: Scalar Field
研究将全息重整化的哈密顿-雅可比方法用于闵可夫斯基时空标量场理论，通过散射边界条件得出平坦空间全息字典，对偶算子期望值由重整化正则动量给出，还对有质量标量和相互作用场展开研究及探讨扩展。
The cosmic holographic principle suggested by Fischler and Susskind has been examined in (2+1)-dimensional cosmological models. Analogously to the (3+1)-dimensional counterpart, the holographic principle is satisfied in all flat and open universes. For (2+1)-dimensional closed universes the holographic principle cannot be realized in general. The principle cannot be maintained, neither introducing negative pressure matter nor matter with highly unconventional equation of state.
We compare exact results from Pestun's localization of SU(N) N=2^* gauge theory on S^4 with available holographic models. While localization can explain the Coulomb branch vacuum of the holographic Pilch-Warner flow, it disagrees with the holographic Gauntlett et.al vacuum of N=2 super Yang-Mills theory. We further compute the free energy of the Pilch-Warner flow on S^4 and show that it disagrees with the localization result both for a finite S^4 radius, and in the S^4 decompactification limit. Thus, neither model represents holographic dual of supersymmetric S^4 localization of Pestun.
In this paper the whole geometrical set-up giving a conformally invariant holographic projection of a diffeomorphism invariant bulk theory is clarified. By studying the renormalization group flow along null geodesic congruences a holographic version of Zamolodchikov's c-theorem is proven.
Certain null singularities in ten dimensional supergravity have natural holographic duals in terms of Matrix Theory and generalizations of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In many situations the holographic duals appear to be well defined in regions where the supergravity develops singularities. We describe some recent progress in this area.
We analyze the structure of supersymmetric Godel-like cosmological solutions of string theory. Just as the original four-dimensional Godel universe, these solutions represent rotating, topologically trivial cosmologies with a homogeneous metric and closed timelike curves. First we focus on "phenomenological" aspects of holography, and identify the preferred holographic screens associated with inertial comoving observers in Godel universes. We find that holography can serve as a chronology protection agency: The closed timelike curves are either hidden behind the holographic screen, or broken b…
Purely GHZ-like entanglement is forbidden in holography
研究揭示了三体纠缠在双生论中的特殊关系，证明纯GHZ态无法存在，并探讨了四体类似关系。
In gauge theories in the limit of a large number Nc of colors, baryons are usually described as heavy solitonic objects with mass of order Nc. We discuss an alternative large Nc description both directly in the field theory as well as using holography. In this alternative large Nc limit at least some of the baryons behave like mesons, that is they stay light even at large Nc and their interactions vanish in that limit. For Nc=3 these alternative large Nc baryons are equivalent to the standard baryons. In the holographic description it is manifest that the Regge slopes of mesons and alternative…
I review recent work on the holographic relation between higher-spin theories in Anti-de Sitter spaces and conformal field theories. I present the main results of studies concerning the higher-spin holographic dual of the three-dimensional O(N) vector model. I discuss the special role played by certain double-trace deformations in Conformal Field Theories that have higher-spin holographic duals. Using the canonical formulation I show that duality transformations in a U(1) gauge theory on AdS4 induce boundary double-trace deformations. I argue that a similar effect takes place in the holography…
Holographic low-energy spectral weight at zero temperature and finite momenta indicates the presence of a strongly coupled remnant of Pauli exclusion. Building upon previous work, we study the spectral weight of a bottom-up holographic superfluid model with spontaneously broken translational symmetry. We determine the effect of this symmetry breaking on the previously known attributes of the holographic superconductor spectral weight: 1) an instability at finite momenta and 2) the presence of nested Fermi surfaces (sometimes called Fermi shells). We find that the symmetry breaking seems to str…
We discuss the Penrose limit of pure AdS space, which is flat Minkowski space. Even though there is no holographic principle, we construct a ``holographic screen'' on which information on the corresponding CFT is encoded. The screen is obtained as a gauge-fixing condition upon restricting the Hilbert space to the states that are annihilated by the generator of scale transformations. This constraint leads to Dirac brackets which turn the Poincare algebra into the algebra of the conformal group on the ``holographic screen.''
We explore some aspects of holographic dual of Boundary Conformal Field Theory (BCFT). In particular we study asymptotic symmetry of geometries which provide holographic dual of BCFTs. We also compute two-point functions of certain bosonic and fermionic operators in the dual BCFT by making use of AdS/BCFT correspondence.
We consider the brane-world in the holographic point of view. Bearing the realistic models in mind, the bulk massless scalar field is introduced. First of all, we find the constraint on the coupling of the scalar fields with the matter(not holographic CFT) on the brane. We show that the traceless part of the energy-momentum tensor of holographic CFT is a part of the bulk Weyl tensor. The trace part which comes from the trace-anomaly is corresponding to the $ρ^2$-term appeared in the generalized FRW equation in the brane-world.
In a quantum circuit, it is believed that complexity itself reaches a maximum of order exponential in the number of q-bits or equivalently exponential in entropy of the black hole. However, the current holographic proposals do not meet this criterion. The holographic proposals find the complexity of the very late times to be linear in the entropy, while in the quantum circuit, it is expected that complexity meets within a finite time its maximum value in an exponential in the entropy. These points are required to be altered in holographic proposals of complexity. This paper introduces a new ho…
As a continuation of our previous works studying the holographic principle in the plane-wave limit, we discuss the 3-point correlation functions of BMN operators with bosonic excitations when impurities are not conserved. We show that our proposal for a holographic mapping between the conformal OPE coefficients of super Yang-Mills theory and the 3-point vertex of the holographic string field theory is valid to the leading order in the large $μ$ limit. Our results provide for the first time a direct holographic relation for the 3-point correlators of BMN operators including impurity non-preserv…
We explore the holographic properties of non-perturbative vacuum decay in Anti-de Sitter ($\mathrm{AdS}$) geometries. To this end, we consider a gravitational theory in a metastable $\mathrm{AdS}_3$ state, which decays into an $\mathrm{AdS}_3$ of lower vacuum energy via bubble nucleation, and we employ the Ryu-Takayanagi conjecture to compute the entanglement entropy $S_\text{ent}$ in its alleged holographic dual. Our analysis leads us to infer that the nucleation and growth of a vacuum bubble correspond, in the boundary theory, to the introduction of a relevant deformation and a subsequent Re…
The Cheshire cat principle states that hadronic observables at low energy do not distinguish between hard (quark) or soft (meson) constituents. As a result, the delineation between hard/soft (bag radius) is like the Cheshire cat smile in Alice in wonderland. This principle reemerges from current holographic descriptions of chiral baryons whereby the smile appears in the holographic direction. We illustrate this point for the baryonic form factor.
Probing the singularity at the holographic screen via $q$-holography
本文通过二维 sinh 伸缩子引力模型，利用小探针探测全息边界奇点，发现 $q$-形变双曲圆盘等距性，并预期 $q$-形变全息对偶性在 DSSYK 中持续。
Gravitational time delay in asymptotically Anti de Sitter spaces has consequences for holographic duality. We argue that the requirement of bulk causality implies that it is not possible for a collection of boundary observers, performing local measurements, to extract information from precursors. Using similar arguments, we derive an integrated weak energy constraint on spacetimes which can admit a holographic dual.
Holography for Boundary Lifshitz Field Theory
本文提出边界Lifshitz场论（BLFT）的全息对偶，通过EOW膜边界条件定义两类全息BLFT并推导g定理，计算其基态区间纠缠熵与全息结果在边界极限下一致。
Holographic RG flows are studied in an Einstein-dilaton theory with a general potential. The superpotential formalism is utilized in order to characterize and classify all solutions that are associated to asymptotically AdS space-times. Such solutions correspond to holographic RG flows and are characterized by their holographic $β$-functions. Novel solutions are found that have exotic properties from a RG point-of view. Some have $β$-functions that are defined patch-wise and lead to flows where the $β$-function changes sign without the flow stopping. Others describe flows that end in non-neigh…
Matrix theory and the AdS/CFT correspondence provide nonperturbative holographic formulations of string theory. In both cases the finite N theories can be thought of as infrared regulated versions of flat space string theory in which removing the cutoff is equivalent to letting N go to infinity. In this paper we consider the nature of this limit. In both cases the holographic mapping becomes completely nonlocal. In matrix theory this corresponds to the growth of D0-brane bound states with N. For the AdS/CFT correspondence there is a similar delocalization of the holographic image of a system a…
Holographic theories representing black holes are expected to exhibit quantum chaos. We argue if the laws of quantum mechanics are expected to hold for observers inside such black holes, then such holographic theories must have a mean field approximation valid for typical black hole states, and for timescales approaching the scrambling time. Using simple spin models as examples, we examine the predictions of such an approach for observers inside black holes, and more speculatively inside cosmological horizons.
We set up the formalism of holographic renormalization for the matter-coupled two-dimensional maximal supergravity that captures the low-lying fluctuations around the non-conformal D0-brane near-horizon geometry. As an application we compute holographically one- and two-point functions of the BFSS matrix quantum mechanics and its supersymmetric $SO(3)\times SO(6)$ deformation.
We propose that in time dependent backgrounds the holographic principle should be replaced by the generalized second law of thermodynamics. For isotropic open and flat universes with a fixed equation of state, the generalized second law agrees with the cosmological holographic principle proposed by Fischler and Susskind. However, in more complicated spacetimes the two proposals disagree. A modified form of the holographic bound that applies to a post-inflationary universe follows from the generalized second law. However, in a spatially closed universe, or inside a black hole event horizon, the…
It has been recently debated whether a class of generalized uncertainty principles that include gravitational sources of error are compatible with the holographic principle in models with extra spatial dimensions. We had in fact shown elsewhere that the holographic scaling is lost when more than four space-time dimensions are present. However, we shall show here that the validity of the holographic counting can be maintained also in models with extra spatial dimensions, but at the intriguing price that the equivalence principle for a point-like source be violated and the inertial mass differ f…
We investigate the application of our recent holographic entanglement negativity conjecture for higher dimensional conformal field theories to specific examples which serve as crucial consistency checks. In this context we compute the holographic entanglement negativity for bipartite pure and finite temperature mixed state configurations in $d$-dimensional conformal field theories dual to bulk pure $AdS_{d+1}$ geometry and $AdS_{d+1}$-Schwarzschild black holes respectively. It is observed that the holographic entanglement negativity characterizes the distillable entanglement for the finite tem…
We propose a holographic realization of quantum quenches in two dimensional conformal field theories. In particular, we discuss time evolutions of holographic entanglement entropy in these backgrounds and compare them with CFT results. The key ingredient of the construction is an introduction of a spacetime boundary into bulk geometries, which is the gravity counterpart of a boundary state in the dual CFT. We consider several examples, including local quenches and an inhomogeneous quench which is dual to fusion of two black string into the third one.
The holographic representation of the entanglement entropy of four dimensional conformal field theories is studied. By generalizing the replica trick the anomalous terms in the entanglement entropy are evaluated. The same terms in the holographic representation are calculated by a method which does not require the solution of the equations of motion or a cut off. The two calculations disagree for rather generic geometries. The reasons for the disagreement are analyzed.
In our previous work (Phys. Rev. D63, 085010, hep-th/0011290), we showed that the brane universe on the giant graviton moving in the near-horizon background of the dilatonic D(6-p)-brane is described by the mirage cosmology. We study thermodynamic properties of the moving giant graviton by applying thermodynamics of cosmology and the recently proposed holographic principles of cosmology. We find that the Fischler-Susskind holographic bound is satisfied by the closed brane universe on the moving giant graviton with p>3. The Bekenstein and the Hubble entropy bounds and the recently proposed Verl…
We use holographic techniques to calculate the first thermal correction to the entanglement entropy of a cap-like region of a CFT defined on a sphere, successfully reproducing the field theory result. Since this is an order-one correction to the entropy in the large-$N$ expansion, quantum corrections to the holographic entanglement entropy formula are essential. The bulk calculation is made tractable using the same technical machinery recently used to derive the linearized Einstein equations in the bulk from the first law of entanglement entropy in the CFT.
The holographic principle is tested by examining the logarithmic and higher order corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of black holes. For the BTZ black hole, I find some disagreement in the principle for a holography screen at spatial infinity beyond the leading order, but a holography with the screen at the horizon does not, with an appropriate choice of a period parameter, which has been undetermined at the leading order, in Carlip's horizon-CFT approach for black hole entropy in any dimension. Its higher dimensional generalization is considered to see a universality of the paramet…
We derive relations between viscosities and momentum conductivity in $2+1$ dimensions by finding a generalization of holographic Ward identities for the energy-momentum tensor. The generalization is novel in the sense that it goes beyond the usual identities obtained from holographic renormalization. Our results are consistent with previous field theory analysis. The main tools we use are a constant `probability current' in the gravity dual, that we are able to define for any system of linear ODEs, and parity symmetry.
We examine various aspects of the conjectured duality between warped AdS$_5$ geometries with boundary branes and strongly coupled (broken) conformal field theories coupled to dynamical gravity. We also examine compactifications with 5-d gauge fields, in which case the holographic dual is a broken CFT weakly coupled to dynamical gauge fields in addition to gravity. The holographic picture is used to clarify a number of important phenomenological issues in these and related models, including the questions of black hole production, radius stabilization, early universe cosmology, and gauge couplin…
We study several aspects of holographic entanglement in two models known as flat$_3$/BMSFT and (W)AdS$_3$/WCFT. These are two examples of holography beyond AdS/CFT where the the boundary field theories are not Lorentz invariant but still feature an infinite set of local symmetries. In the first example, BMS-invariant field theories (BMSFTs) are conjectured to provide a holographic description of quantum gravity in asymptotically flat three-dimensional spacetimes; while in the second example, warped conformal field theories (WCFTs) are proposed to describe quantum gravity in warped AdS$_3$ or A…
It was recently pointed out that the physics of a single discrete gravitational extra dimension exhibits a peculiar UV/IR connection relating the UV scale to the radius of the effective extra dimension. Here we note that this non-locality is a manifestation of holography, encoding the correct scaling of the number of fundamental degrees of freedom of the UV theory. This in turn relates the Wilsonian RG flow in the UV theory to the effective gravitational dynamics in the extra dimension. The relevant holographic c-function is determined by the expression for the holographic bound. Holography in…
Topological entanglement entropy, a measure of the long-ranged entanglement, is related to the degeneracy of the ground state on a higher genus surface. The exact relation depends on the details of the topological theory. We consider a class of holographic models where such relation might be similar to the one exhibited by Chern-Simons theory in a certain large N limit. Both the non-vanishing topological entanglement entropy and the ground state degeneracy in these holographic models are consequences of the topological Gauss-Bonnet term in the dual gravitational description. A soft wall hologr…
Using six-dimensional Euclidean $F(4)$ gauged supergravity we construct a holographic renormalization group flow for a CFT on $S^5$. Numerical solutions to the BPS equations are obtained and the free energy of the theory on $S^5$ is determined holographically by calculation of the renormalized on-shell supergravity action. In the process, we deal with subtle issues such as holographic renormalization and addition of finite counterterms. We then propose a candidate field theory dual to these solutions. This tentative dual is a supersymmetry-preserving deformation of the strongly-coupled non-Lag…
In this thesis I explore the generality of the holographic principle in 2+1 (bulk) dimensions by looking at the possibility of having holographic correspondences for non-AdS (higher-spin) spacetimes. The first part focuses on Lobachevsky spacetimes with $\mathfrak{sl}(4,\mathbb{R})$ as well as $\mathcal{W}^{(2)}_N$ symmetries, the asymptotic symmetry algebras and their unitary representations. This results in a family of unitary $\mathcal{W}^{(2)}_N$ models that can have both small and large central charge. The focus of the second part is a possible holographic correspondence in asymptotically…
We present an extended version of a recently proposed semi-holographic model for heavy-ion collisions, which includes self-consistent couplings between the Yang-Mills fields of the Color Glass Condensate framework and an infrared AdS/CFT sector, such as to guarantee the existence of a conserved energy-momentum tensor for the combined system that is local in space and time, which we also construct explicitly. Moreover, we include a coupling of the topological charge density in the glasma to the same of the holographic infrared CFT. The semi-holographic approach makes it possible to combine CGC …
Interface Minimal Model Holography and Topological String Theory
本文提出通过拓扑弦理论描述耦合到陈-西蒙斯场的2维费米子界面，并揭示其与W_N最小模型的关联。
We propose that the information and entropy of an isolated system are two sides of one coin in the sense that they can convert into each other by measurement and evolution of the system while the sum of them is identically conserved. The holographic principle is reformulated in the way that this conserved sum is bounded by a quarter of the area A of system boundary. Uncertainty relation is derived from the holographic principle.
A holographic interpretation for some specific Ricci flat string backgrounds of the form $A_6\times C_4$ is proposed. The conjecture is that there is a Four-dimensional Euclidean Conformal Field Theory (ECFT) defined on a codimension two {\em submanifold} of the manifold $A_6$ (where one of the two remaining {\em holographic} coordinates of $A_6$ is timelike, and the other one spacelike), with central charge proportional to the radius of curvature of the six-dimensional manifold, $c\sim l^4$.
Homogeneous gravitational wave backgrounds arise as infinite momentum limits of many geometries with a well-understood holographic description. General global aspects of these geometries are discussed. Using exact CFT techniques, strings in pp-wave backgrounds supported by a Neveu-Schwarz flux are quantized. As in Euclidean $AdS_3$, spectral flow and associated long strings are shown to be crucial in obtaining a complete spectrum. Holography is investigated using conformally flat coordinates analogous to those of the Poincaré patch in AdS. It is argued that the holographic direction is the lig…
Modular Flow and Holographic Timelike Entanglement Entropy in AdS and Flat Holography
本文在AdS₃/CFT₂中构造类空和类时间隔的模流，将框架扩展至平直₃/CCFT₂，首次明确构造类时间隔的类时极值曲线相关模流，其结果可从AdS₃对应结果的平直极限导出。
A holographic description on half planes and wedges for N = 1 SUSY BF theory in 2D
本研究拓展二维N=1超对称BF理论的全息对偶网络，给出半平面与楔形空间的全息构造，得到对应超对称量子力学描述，并验证对偶图的对角闭合性。
We develop the notion of double holography in Type IIB string theory realizations of braneworld models. The Type IIB setups are based on the holographic duals of 4d BCFTs comprising 4d $\mathcal N=4$ SYM on a half space coupled to 3d $\mathcal N=4$ SCFTs on the boundary. Based on the concrete BCFTs and their brane construction, we provide microscopic realizations of the intermediate holographic description, obtained by dualizing only the 3d degrees of freedom. Triggered by recent observations in bottom-up models, we discuss the causal structures in the full BCFT duals and intermediate descript…
Chiral holography
该研究利用扭结弦理论构建了$\mathcal{N}=4$超杨-米尔斯理论自对偶部分的引力全息对偶，并展示了行列式算符与巨引力子配置的双射关系。
Holography in flipped AdS/$\mathbb{Z}$: Another approach to dS holography
该研究针对常规dS/CFT对应中的问题，通过解析延拓关联fAdS与dS时空的量子场论，构建fAdS的fCFT全息描述，并用fCFT₂的Cardy公式重现了dS₃和Kerr-dS₃的宇宙学视界熵，为dS全息性提供了新途径。
Toward a Unified de Sitter Holography: A Composite $T\bar{T}$ and $T\bar{T}+Λ_2$ Flow
本文提出一种统一的de Sitter holography框架，通过引入复合流结合T\bar{T}和T\bar{T}+Λ_2变形，支持通过计算准局部能量和全息纠缠熵来验证该框架。
To clarify the mathematical structure of the RG-derived holographic dual field theory, we rewrite the string-theory based conventionally utilized dual holographic effective field theory based on the ADM decomposition of the metric tensor. This comparison leads us to claim that the RG-derived emergent holographic dual field theory takes into account higher-derivative curvature terms with gauge fixing in the string-theory based conventionally utilized Einstein-Klein-Gordon theory, giving rise to the RG flow of the metric tensor beyond the AdS (anti-de Sitter space) geometry. Furthermore, we comp…
Via supergravity, we argue that the infinite Lorentz boost along the M theory circle a la Seiberg toward the DLCQ M theory compactified on a p-torus (p<5) implies the holographic description of the microscopic theory. This argument lets us identify the background geometries of DLCQ $M$ theory on a p-torus; for p=0 (p=1), the background geometry turns out to be eleven-dimensional (ten-dimensional) flat Minkowski space-time, respectively. Holography for these cases results from the localization of the light-cone momentum. For p = 2,3,4, the background geometries are the tensor products of an Ant…
This is a very brief review of some results from hep-th/0112154 and hep-th/0209191. In holographic renormalization, we studied the RG flow of a 2d N=(4,4) CFT perturbed by a relevant operator, flowing to a conformal fixed point in the IR. Here, the supergravity dual is displayed, and the computation of correlators is discussed. The sample stress-energy correlator given here provides an opportunity to explicitly compare Zamolodchikov's C-function to the proposal for a "holographic C-function".
We present an overview of the construction of the general holographic dictionary for asymptotically locally Lifshitz and hyperscaling violating Lifshitz backgrounds with arbitrary dynamical exponents $z$ and $θ$, compatible with the null energy condition, which was recently developed in [1,2]. A concrete definition of asymptotically locally Lifshitz and hyperscaling violating Lifshitz backgrounds is provided in the context of a generic bottom-up Einstein-Proca-Dilaton theory, and a systematic procedure for solving the radial Hamilton-Jacobi equation via a covariant expansion in eigenfunctions …
In the Penrose limit, AdS*S space turns into a Cahen-Wallach (CW) space whose Killing vectors satisfy a Heisenberg algebra. This algebra is mapped onto the holographic screen on the boundary of AdS. I show that the Heisenberg algebra on the boundary of AdS may be obtained directly from the CW space by appropriately constraining the states defined on it. The transformations generated by the constraint are similar to gauge transformations. The ``holographic screen'' on the CW space is thus obtained as a ``gauge-fixing'' condition.
The holographic principle is represented as the well-known de Alfaro, Fubini and Furlan correspondence between the generating functional for the Green functions of the Euclidean quantum field theory in $D$ dimensions and the Gibbs average for the classical statistical mechanics in $D+1$ dimensions. This correspondence is used to explain the origin of quantum anomalies and the irreversibility in the classical theory. The holographic mapping of a classical string field theory onto a local quantum field theory is outlined.
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