蛋白质-水混合物相分离的动态光散射研究：在晶状体冷性白内障形成中的应用
Dynamic light scattering study on phase separation of a protein-water mixture: Application on cold cataract development in the ocular lens
摘要：
我们提出了一个详细的动态光散射研究的相分离出现在寒冷的白内障发展过程中的眼晶状体。冷性白内障是一种相分离效应，其通过晶状体细胞质随冷却的旋节分解进行。强度自关联函数的晶状体蛋白质含量的分析与援助的两种方法提供的信息的人口和动力学的散射元素与冷性白内障。发现在与冷性白内障发病有关的特征温度~16+1 ℃时，许多可测参数的温度依赖性发生了明显的变化。将这项工作的温度范围扩展到以前无法访问的制度，即远低于Tcc的相分离或共存曲线，我们已经能够准确地确定旋节线附近蛋白质的集体和自扩散系数的温度依赖性。分析表明，蛋白质的动力学具有一些相似的结构玻璃的动力学，其中颗粒扩散的表观活化能增加低于Tcc表示高度合作的运动。应用开发的想法研究的临界动力学的二元蛋白质/溶剂的混合物，以及使用修改后的Arrhenius方程，使我们能够估计的旋节温度Tsp的晶状体核。动态光散射作为一种非侵入性的，早期诊断工具的眼部疾病的适用性也证明了在本文件的调查结果的光。
英文摘要：
We present a detailed dynamic light scattering study on the phase separation in the ocular lens emerging during cold cataract development. Cold cataract is a phase separation effect that proceeds via spinodal decomposition of the lens cytoplasm with cooling. Intensity auto-correlation functions of the lens protein content are analyzed with the aid of two methods providing information on the populations and dynamics of the scattering elements associated with cold cataract. It is found that the temperature dependence of many measurable parameters changes appreciably at the characteristic temperature ~16+1 oC which is associated with the onset of cold cataract. Extending the temperature range of this work to previously inaccessible regimes, i.e. well below the phase separation or coexistence curve at Tcc, we have been able to accurately determine the temperature dependence of the collective and self-diffusion coefficient of proteins near the spinodal. The analysis showed that the dynamics of proteins bears some resemblance to the dynamics of structural glasses where the apparent activation energy for particle diffusion increases below Tcc indicating a highly cooperative motion. Application of ideas developed for studying the critical dynamics of binary protein/solvent mixtures, as well as the use of a modified Arrhenius equation, enabled us to estimate the spinodal temperature Tsp of the lens nucleus. The applicability of dynamic light scattering as a non-invasive, early-diagnostic tool for ocular diseases is also demonstrated in the light of the findings of the present paper.
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