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非相对论性无碰撞冲击物理学基础:II。基本方程和模型

Fundamentals of Non-relativistic Collisionless Shock Physics: II. Basic Equations and Models

R. A. Treumann, C. H. Jaroschek

摘要:

本文导出了导致描述无碰撞等离子体冲击波的守恒律的基本方程组。我们讨论了激波的波陡化的演变,推导出磁气体动力学激波的朗肯-Hugoniot条件,讨论了激波形成的各种分析模型,并讨论了在无碰撞激波物理中可能变得重要的基本不稳定性。然后,我们提出了一个调查的异常电阻率的准线性极限和超越的理论和讨论的冲击粒子反射的机制,因为他们已经在出版的文献中进行了调查。本章的主要内容如下:1.波陡化,描述简单波和由于非线性引起的波陡化,由Burgers激波中的耗散、Korteweg-de Vries方程中的色散效应、Sagdeev势方法、2.基本方程,提出动力学理论和过渡到力矩方程的流体描述,3。Rankine-Hugoniot关系,给出了跨激波的跳跃条件,垂直激波和平行激波的MHD显式解,以及高马赫数条件。波和不稳定性,给出一般色散关系,描述低$β$ -冲击,哨声和阿尔文冲击,各种冲击相关的不稳定性,5。各种静电波粒子相互作用的异常输运,异常电阻率的一般描述,激波粒子从电势和镜面反射,空穴形成,6。简要介绍了数值模拟技术,对这一重要领域及其方法给出了一个简短的想法。

英文摘要:

This paper develops the basic sets of equations which lead to the conservation laws describing collisionless plasma shock waves. We discuss the evolution of shock waves by wave steepening, derive the Rankine-Hugoniot conditions for magnetogasdynamic shocks, discuss various analytical models of shock formation, and discuss the basic instabilities which may become important in collisionless shock physics. We then present a survey of the theory of anomalous resistivity in the quasilinear limit and beyond and discuss mechanisms of shock particle reflection as far as they have been investigated in the published literature. The content of the chapter is the following: 1. Wave steepening, describing simple waves and steepening due to nonlinearity, balnced by dissipation in Burgers' shocks, by dispersive effects in the Korteweg-de Vries equation, the Sagdeev-Potential method, 2. Basic equations, presenting kinetic theory and the transition to moment equations in the fluid description, 3. Rankine-Hugoniot relations, giving the jump conditions across shocks, explicit MHD solution for perpendicular shocks and parallel shocks, and high Mach number conditions, 4. Waves and instabilities, giving the general dispersion relation, describing low-$β$-shocks, whistler and Alfvén shocks, the various shock-relevant instabilities, 5. Anomalous transport for the various electrostatic wave-particle interactions, general description of anomalous resistivity, shock particle reflection from potential and specularly, hole formation, 6. Briefing on numerical simulation techniques, giving a short idea on this important field and its methods.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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