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arXiv 0707.0545astro-ph
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非磁化电子-正电子等离子体中的相对论无碰撞激波

Relativistic Collisionless Shocks in Unmagnetized Electron-Positron Plasmas

Tsunehiko N. Kato

摘要:

通过二维粒子模拟,证明了在非磁化正负电子等离子体中可以驱动无碰撞激波。在激波过渡区,强磁场是由类韦伯不稳定性产生的。所产生的磁场足够强,以大角度偏转来自激波上游的入射粒子,并为激波提供有效的耗散机制。无碰撞激波的结构几乎以恒定的速度传播。不存在与冲击波相对应的线性波,因此这可被视为一种“不稳定性驱动的”冲击波。产生的磁场在下游区域迅速衰减。它也被观察到,在下游区域的热化粒子的一小部分返回上游通过激波过渡区。这些粒子与上游入射粒子相互作用,并导致在激波上游产生电荷分离电流丝以及静电束不稳定性。结果,即使在激波过渡区的上游也会产生电场和磁场。在我们的模拟中没有观察到有效的粒子加速过程。

英文摘要:

It is shown that collisionless shock waves can be driven in unmagnetized electron-positron plasmas by performing a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation. At the shock transition region, strong magnetic fields are generated by a Weibel-like instability. The generated magnetic fields are strong enough to deflect the incoming particles from upstream of the shock at a large angle and provide an effective dissipation mechanism for the shock. The structure of the collisionless shock propagates at an almost constant speed. There is no linear wave corresponding to the shock wave and therefore this can be regarded as a kind of ``instability-driven'' shock wave. The generated magnetic fields rapidly decay in the downstream region. It is also observed that a fraction of the thermalized particles in the downstream region return upstream through the shock transition region. These particles interact with the upstream incoming particles and cause the generation of charge-separated current filaments in the upstream of the shock as well as the electrostatic beam instability. As a result, electric and magnetic fields are generated even upstream of the shock transition region. No efficient acceleration processes of particles were observed in our simulation.

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