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arXiv 0812.1847astro-ph
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电子在低马赫数垂直无碰撞激波中的加速

Electron acceleration at a low-Mach-number perpendicular collisionless shock

Takayuki Umeda, Masahiro Yamao, Ryo Yamazaki

摘要:

用全粒子模拟方法研究了电子在无碰撞、相对低的Alfven马赫数(M_A = 5)、垂直激波下的加速过程。最近的自洽混合激波模拟表明,沿低马赫数垂直激波的激波面,垂直激波阵面具有动态波纹特征。本文用大尺度(离子尺度)二维全粒子模拟方法研究了垂直激波的波纹效应对电子加速的影响。它已被证明,一个大幅度的电场被激发在与离子尺度的波纹冲击前,和反射的离子被加速上游在一个本地化的区域,在那里的冲击正常的电场的波纹结构被极化的上游。由高加速反射离子引起的电流驱动不稳定性对大振幅静电波有很高的增长率。高能电子然后产生的大幅静电波通过电子冲浪加速在冲击过渡区的前缘。结果表明,电子冲浪加速度也是低马赫数垂直无碰撞激波的一个共同特征。

英文摘要:

A full particle simulation study is carried out on the electron acceleration at a collisionless, relatively low Alfven Mach number (M_A=5), perpendicular shock. Recent self-consistent hybrid shock simulations have demonstrated that the shock front of perpendicular shocks has a dynamic rippled character along the shock surface of low-Mach-number perpendicular shocks. In this paper, the effect of the rippling of perpendicular shocks on the electron acceleration is examined by means of large-scale (ion-scale) two-dimensional full particle simulations. It has been shown that a large-amplitude electric field is excited at the shock front in association with the ion-scale rippling, and that reflected ions are accelerated upstream at a localized region where the shock-normal electric field of the rippled structure is polarized upstream. The current-driven instability caused by the highly-accelerated reflected ions has a high growth rate to large-amplitude electrostatic waves. Energetic electrons are then generated by the large-amplitude electrostatic waves via electron surfing acceleration at the leading edge of the shock transition region. The present result suggests that the electron surfing acceleration is also a common feature at low-Mach-number perpendicular collisionless shocks.

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