Ricardo J. Alonso
The Cauchy problem for the inelastic Boltzmann equation is studied for small data. Existence and uniqueness of mild and weak solutions is obtained for sufficiently small data that lies in the space of functions bounded by Maxwellians. The technique used to derive the result is the well known iteration process of Kaniel and Shinbrot.
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In this paper, we are interested in the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann-BGK model for a general class of collision frequencies. We prove that the Boltzmann-BGK model linearized around a global Maxwellian admits a unique global smooth solution if the initial perturbation is sufficiently small in a high order energy norm. We also establish an asymptotic decay estimate and uniform $L^2$-stability for nonlinear perturbations.
We show the existence of smooth stationary solutions for the inelastic Boltzmann equation under the thermalization induced by a host-medium with a fixed distribution. This is achieved by controlling the Lp-norms, the moments and the regularity of the solutions for the Cauchy problem together with arguments related to a dynamical proof for the existence of stationary states.
This paper studies a space-inhomogeneous Boltzmann-Nordheim equation with pseudo-Maxwellian forces. Strong solutions are obtained for the Cauchy problem in a setting with large bounded L1 initial data. The main results are existence, uniqueness, stability and qualitative boundedness features for solutions conserving mass, momentum and energy.
By using the DiPerna and Lions techniques for the nonrelativistic Boltzmann equation, it is shown that there exists a global mild solution to the Cauchy problem for the relativistic Boltzmann equation with the assumptions of the relativistic scattering cross section including some relativistic hard interactions and the initial data satifying finite mass, ``inertia'', energy and entropy.
We develop the Cauchy theory of the spatially homogeneous inelastic Boltzmann equation for hard spheres, for a general form of collision rate which includes in particular variable restitution coefficients depending on the kinetic energy and the relative velocity as well as the sticky particles model. We prove (local in time) non-concentration estimates in Orlicz spaces, from which we deduce weak stability and existence theorem. Strong stability together with uniqueness and instantaneous appearance of exponential moments are proved under additional smoothness assumption on the initial datum, fo…
The goal of this paper is to extend the existence result of measure-valued solution to the Boltzmann equation in elastic interaction, given by Morimoto-Wang-Yang, to the inelastic Boltzmann equation with moderately soft potentials, also as an extensive work of our preceding result in the inelastic Maxwellian molecules case. We prove the existence and uniqueness of measure-valued solution under Grad's angular cutoff assumption, as well as the existence of non-cutoff solution, for both finite and infinite energy initial datum, by a delicate compactness argument. In addition, the moments propagat…
We prove uniqueness of self-similar profiles for the one-dimensional inelastic Boltzmann equation with moderately hard potentials, that is with collision kernel of the form | $\bullet$ | $γ$ for $γ$ > 0 small enough (explicitly quantified). Our result provides the first uniqueness statement for self-similar profiles of inelastic Boltzmann models allowing for strong inelasticity besides the explicitly solvable case of Maxwell interactions (corresponding to $γ$ = 0). Our approach relies on a perturbation argument from the corresponding Maxwell model through a careful study of the associated line…
Boltzmann-Grad limit for the inelastic Lorentz gas: Part I. Existence, uniqueness, and rigorous derivation via weak convergence
本文在任意维度下从耗散随机 Lorentz 气体严格推导了非弹性线性 Boltzmann 方程，证明了弱解的存在唯一性及微观解的弱收敛性，并给出了显式收敛速率与强解的存在性证明。
This paper focuses on the study of existence and uniqueness of distributional and classical solutions to the Cauchy Boltzmann problem for the soft potential case assuming $S^{n-1}$ integrability of the angular part of the collision kernel (Grad cut-off assumption). For this purpose we revisit the Kaniel--Shinbrot iteration technique to present an elementary proof of existence and uniqueness results that includes large data near a local Maxwellian regime with possibly infinite initial mass. We study the propagation of regularity using a recent estimate for the positive collision operator given …
The Boltzmann-Nordheim equation is a modification of the Boltzmann equation, based on physical considerations, that describes the dynamics of the distribution of particles in a quantum gas composed of bosons or fermions. In this work we investigate the Cauchy theory of the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann-Nordheim equation for bosons, in dimension $d\geq 3$. We show existence and uniqueness locally in time for any initial data in $L^\infty\left(1+|v|^s\right)$ with finite mass and energy, for a suitable $s$, as well as the instantaneous creation of moments of all order.
We consider the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard-spheres, with constant restitution coefficient $α\in(0,1)$, under the thermalization induced by a host medium with a fixed Maxwellian distribution and any fixed $e\in(0,1]$. When the restitution coefficient $α$ is close to 1 we prove existence and uniqueness of global solutions considering the close-to-equilibrium regime. We also study the long-time behaviour of these solutions and prove a convergence to equilibrium with an exponential rate.
This paper studies a Boltzmann-Nordheim equation in a slab with two-dimensional velocity space and pseudo-Maxwellian forces. Strong solutions are obtained for the Cauchy problem with large initial data in an $ L^1 \cap L^{\infty} $ setting. The main results are existence, uniqueness, and stability of solutions conserving mass, momentum, and energy. The solutions either explode in the $ L^\infty$-norm in finite time, or exist globally in time. They are obtained as limits of solutions to corresponding anyon equations.
We prove that the Cauchy problem associated to the radially symmetric spatially homogeneous non-cutoff Boltzmann equation with Maxwellian molecules enjoys the same Gelfand-Shilov regularizing effect as the Cauchy problem defined by the evolution equation associated to a fractional harmonic oscillator.
We consider the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard spheres, in the framework of so-called constant normal restitution coefficients. We prove the existence of self-similar solutions, and we give pointwise estimates on their tail. We also give general estimates on the tail and the regularity of generic solutions. In particular we prove Haff 's law on the rate of decay of temperature, as well as the algebraic decay of singularities. The proofs are based on the regularity study of a rescaled problem, with the help of the regularity properties of the gain part of the Boltzm…
A fully non-linear kinetic Boltzmann equation for anyons and large initial data is studied in a periodic 1d setting. Strong L1 solutions are obtained for the Cauchy problem. The main results concern global existence, uniqueness, and stability.
Moments creation for the inelastic Boltzmann equation for hard potentials without angular cutoff
本文在空间齐次无角截断非弹性Boltzmann方程中，针对硬势长程相互作用建立了测度值解的全局存在性，并通过精细Povzner型不等式严格证明了多项式矩的生成，初值仅需$(2+κ)$矩有界。
This paper studies the quantum Boltzmann Nordheim equation from a Boltzmann equation for Haldane statistics. Strong solutions are obtained for the Cauchy problem with initial data in L1 and uniformly bounded on a one (resp. two or three)-dimensional torus for three-dimensional velocities and pseudo-Maxwellian (resp. very soft) forces. The main results are existence, uniqueness and stability of solutions conserving mass, momentum, and energy, with the uniform bound exploding if the solutions are only local in time.
The global attractor of the inelastic linear Boltzmann equation in a gravity field for Maxwell molecules
本文研究重力场中麦克斯韦分子的线性非弹性Boltzmann方程，证明了有限非负Radon测度空间中的适定性、非平衡条件下平稳解的存在唯一性，并给出弱拓扑收敛性。
The Boltzmann equation for a multi-species inelastic mixture
本文提出并分析了一个由M种不同质量组分构成的颗粒气体混合物玻尔兹曼模型，建立了Povzner型不等式和一般Orlicz空间中的Cauchy理论，并证明其长时间行为满足Haff定律的混合物类比。
Measure Valued Solution to the Spatially Homogeneous Boltzmann Equation with Inelastic Long-Range Interactions
本文在无 Grad 角截断的非弹性 Boltzmann 方程中建立概率测度值解的适定性，并构造推广至非弹性情形的无限能量自相似渐近稳态解。
In the present manuscript we consider the Boltzmann equation that models a polyatomic gas by introducing one additional continuous variable, referred to as microscopic internal energy. We establish existence and uniqueness theory in the space homogeneous setting for the full non-linear case, under an extended Grad assumption on transition probability rate, that comprises hard potentials for both the relative speed and internal energy with the rate in the interval $(0,2]$, which is multiplied by an integrable angular part and integrable partition functions. The Cauchy problem is resolved by mea…
We study the high-energy asymptotics of the steady velocity distributions for model systems of granular media in various regimes. The main results obtained are integral estimates of solutions of the hard-sphere Boltzmann equations, which imply that the velocity distribution functions $f(v)$ behave in a certain sense as $C\exp(-r|v|^s)$ for $|v|$ large. The values of $s$, which we call {\em the orders of tails}, range from $s=1$ to $s=2$, depending on the model of external forcing. The method we use is based on the moment inequalities and careful estimating of constants in the integral form of …
The Cauchy problem for Boltzmann bi-linear systems: The mixing of monatomic and polyatomic gases
本文在加权向量Banach空间中建立空间均匀Boltzmann双线性系统的Cauchy理论，统一处理单原子与多原子气体混合物，通过碰撞频率下界、能量恒等式和新的组合估计，在仅需2+阶矩的初始条件下证明了全局存在性与唯一性。
We prove existence and uniqueness of the global solution to the Cauchy problem on a universe fireworks model with finite total mass at the initial state when the ratio of the mass surviving the explosion, the probability of the explosion of fragments and the probability function of the velocity change of a surviving particle satisfy the corresponding physical conditions. Although the nonrelativistic Boltzmann-like equation modeling the universe fireworks is mathematically easy, this paper leads rather theoretically to an understanding of how to construct contractive mappings in a Banach space …
N.N. Bogolyubov discovered that the Boltzmann-Enskog kinetic equation has microscopic solutions. They have the form of sums of delta-functions and correspond to trajectories of individual hard spheres. But the rigorous sense of the product of the delta-functions in the collision integral was not discussed. Here we give a rigorous sense to these solutions by introduction of a special regularization of the delta-functions. The crucial observation is that the collision integral of the Boltzmann-Enskog equation coincides with that of the first equation of the BBGKY hierarchy for hard spheres if th…
This paper is concerned with the existence, shape and dynamical stability of infinite-energy equilibria for a general class of spatially homogeneous kinetic equations in space dimensions $d \geq 3$. Our results cover in particular Bobylëv's model for inelastic Maxwell molecules. First, we show under certain conditions on the collision kernel, that there exists an index $α\in(0,2)$ such that the equation possesses a nontrivial stationary solution, which is a scale mixture of radially symmetric $α$-stable laws. We also characterize the mixing distribution as the fixed point of a smoothing transf…
In this paper we discuss the dissipative property of near-equilibrium classical solutions to the Cauchy problem of the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann System in the whole space $\R^3$ when the positive charged ion flow provides a spatially uniform background. The most key point of studying this coupled degenerately dissipative system here is to establish the dissipation of the electromagnetic field which turns out to be of the regularity-loss type. Precisely, for the linearized non-homogeneous system, some $L^2$ energy functionals and $L^2$ time-frequency functionals which are equivalent with the nat…
In a general $C^1$ domain, we study the perturbative Cauchy theory for the Boltzmann equation with Maxwell boundary conditions with an accommodation coefficient $α$ in $(\sqrt{2/3},1]$, and discuss this threshold. We consider polynomial or stretched exponential weights $m(v)$ and prove existence, uniqueness and exponential trend to equilibrium around a global Maxwellian in $L^\infty_{x,v}(m)$. Of important note is the fact that the methods do not involve contradiction arguments.
We study the Cauchy Problem for the relativistic Boltzmann equation with near Vacuum initial data. Unique global in time "mild" solutions are obtained uniformly in the speed of light parameter $c \ge 1$. We furthermore prove that solutions to the relativistic Boltzmann equation converge to solutions of the Newtonian Boltzmann equation in the limit as $c\to\infty$ on arbitrary time intervals $[0,T]$, with convergence rate $1/c^{2-ε}$ for any $ε\in(0,2)$. This may be the first proof of unique global in time validity of the Newtonian limit for a Kinetic equation.
We present the arising of the Fick cross-diffusion system of equations for fluid mixtures from the multi-species Boltzmann in a rigorous manner in Sobolev spaces. To this end, we formally show that, in a diffusive scaling, the hydrodynamical limit of the kinetic system is the Fick model supplemented with a closure relation and we give explicit formulae for the macroscopic diffusion coefficients from the Boltzmann collision operator. Then, we provide a perturbative Cauchy theory in Sobolev spaces for the constructed Fick system, which turns out to be a dilated parabolic equation. We finally pro…
By combining the DiPerna and Lions techniques for the nonrelativistic Boltzmann equation and the Dudyński and Ekiel-Jeżewska device of the causality of the relativistic Boltzmann equation, it is shown that there exists a global mild solution to the Cauchy problem for the relativistic Boltzmann equation with the assumptions of the relativistic scattering cross section including some relativistic hard interactions and the initial data satisfying finite mass, energy and entropy. This is in fact an extension of the result of Dudyński and Ekiel-Jeżewska to the case of the relativistic Boltzmann equ…
In the paper, for the Cauchy problem on the non-cutoff Boltzmann equation in torus, we establish the global-in-time Gevrey smoothness in velocity and space variables for a class of low-regularity mild solutions near Maxwellians with the Gevrey index depending only on the angular singularity. This together with [24] provides a self-contained well-posedness theory for both existence and regularity of global solutions for initial data of low regularity in the framework of perturbations. For the proof we treat in a subtle way the commutator between the regularization operators and the Boltzmann co…
We study the Boltzmann equation on the $d$-dimensional torus in a perturbative setting around a global equilibrium under the Navier-Stokes linearisation. We use a recent functional analysis breakthrough to prove that the linear part of the equation generates a $C^0$-semigroup with exponential decay in Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces with polynomial weight, independently on the Knudsen number. Finally we show a Cauchy theory and an exponential decay for the perturbed Boltzmann equation, uniformly in the Knudsen number, in Sobolev spaces with polynomial weight. The polynomial weight is almost optima…
In this paper, we provide the first rigorous derivation of hydrodynamic equations from the Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard spheres with small inelasticity. The hydrodynamic system that we obtain is an incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system with self-consistent forcing terms and is thus the first hydrodynamic system that properly describes rapid granular flows. To do that, we write our Boltzmann equation in nondimensional form introducing the dimensionless Knudsen number which is intended to tend to 0. The difficulties are then manyfold, the first one coming from the fact that the or…
We consider the $n$-dimensional space homogeneous Boltzmann equation for elastic collisions for variable hard potentials with Grad (angular) cutoff. We prove sharp moment inequalities, the propagation of $L^1$-Maxwellian weighted estimates, and consequently, the propagation $L^\infty$-Maxwellian weighted estimates to all derivatives of the initial value problem associated to the afore mentioned problem. More specifically, we extend to all derivatives of the initial value problem associated to this class of Boltzmann equations corresponding sharp moment (Povzner) inequalities and time propagati…
Grad's moment models for Boltzmann equation were recently regularized to globally hyperbolic systems, and thus the regularized models attain local well-posedness for Cauchy data. The hyperbolic regularization is only related to the convection term in Boltzmann equation. We in this paper studied the regularized models with the presentation of collision terms. It is proved that the regularized models are linear stability at the local equilibrium and satisfy Yong's first stability condition with commonly used approximate collision terms, and particularly with Boltzmann's binary collision model.
This article studies the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann equation with stochastic kinetic transport. Under a cut-off assumption on the collision kernel and a coloring hypothesis for the noise coefficients, we prove the global existence of renormalized (in the sense of DiPerna/Lions) martingale solutions to the Boltzmann equation for large initial data with finite mass, energy, and entropy. Our analysis includes a detailed study of weak martingale solutions to a class of linear stochastic kinetic equations. This study includes a criterion for renormalization, the weak closedness of the solutio…
We investigate the diffusion asymptotics of the Boltzmann equation for gaseous mixtures, in the perturbative regime around a local Maxwellian vector whose fluid quantities solve a flux-incompressible Maxwell-Stefan system. Our framework is the torus and we consider hard-potential collision kernels with angular cutoff. As opposed to existing results about hydrodynamic limits in the mono-species case, the local Maxwellian we study here is not a local equilibrium of the mixture due to cross-interactions. By means of a hypocoercive formalism and introducing a suitable modified Sobolev norm, we bui…
Recently, the authors proved [2] that the Maxwell-Stefan system with an incompressibility-like condition on the total flux can be rigorously derived from the multi-species Boltzmann equation. Similar cross-diffusion models have been widely investigated, but the particular case of a perturbative incompressible setting around a non constant equilibrium state of the mixture (needed in [2]) seems absent of the literature. We thus establish a quantitative perturbative Cauchy theory in Sobolev spaces for it. More precisely, by reducing the analysis of the Maxwell-Stefan system to the study of a quas…
In this paper we consider the Cauchy problem on the angular cutoff Boltzmann equation near global Maxwillians for soft potentials either in the whole space or in the torus. We establish the existence of global unique mild solutions in the space $L^p_vL^{\infty}_{T}L^{\infty}_{x}$ with polynomial velocity weights for suitably large $p\leq \infty$, whenever for the initial perturbation the weighted $L^p_vL^{\infty}_x$ norm can be arbitrarily large but the $L^1_xL^\infty_v$ norm and the defect mass, energy and entropy are sufficiently small. The proof is based on the local in time existence as we…
This paper is devoted to the study of the nonlinear stability of the rarefaction waves of the Vlasov-Poisson-Boltzmann system with slab symmetry in the case where the electron background density satisfies an analogue of the Boltzmann relation. We allows that the electric potential may take distinct constant states at both far-fields. The rarefaction wave whose strength is not necessarily small is constructed through the quasineutral Euler equations coming from the zero-order fluid dynamic approximation of the kinetic system. We prove that the local Maxwellian with macroscopic quantities determ…
We study the Boltzmann equation with external forces, not necessarily deriving from a potential, in the incompressible Navier-Stokes perturbative regime. On the torus, we establish local-in-time, for any time, Cauchy theories that are independent of the Knudsen number in Sobolev spaces. The existence is proved around a time-dependent Maxwellian that behaves like the global equilibrium both as time grows and as the Knudsen number decreases. We combine hypocoercive properties of linearized Boltzmann operators with linearization around a time-dependent Maxwellian that catches the fluctuations of …
In this paper, we discuss the Cauchy Problem for the compressible isentropic Euler-Boltzmann equations with vacuum in radiation hydrodynamics. Firstly, we establish the local existence of regular solutions by the fundamental methods in the theory of quasi-linear symmetric hyperbolic systems under some physical assumptions. Then we give the non-global existence of regular solutions caused by the effect of vacuum for $1<γ\leq 3$. Finally, we extend our result to the initial-boundary value problem under some suitable boundary conditions. These blow-up results tell us that the radiation cannot pre…
On smooth solutions to the thermostated Boltzmann equation with deformation
针对含常数矩阵线性形变力的恒温 Boltzmann 方程，本文用小形变扰动构造光滑非 Maxwell 稳态，并证明环面非齐次 Cauchy 问题向其长时间收敛及稳态非负。
Boltzmann framework for polyatomic gases: review on well-posedness, higher integrability and physical relevance
本文综述了连续内能多原子气体玻尔兹曼方程的适定性与可积性结果，并通过实验数据验证碰撞核参数的物理相关性。
Global mild solution with polynomial tail for the Boltzmann equation in the whole space
针对全空间Boltzmann方程，利用Caflisch分解和Guo的L2-L∞技术，构造了具有多项式尾部扰动的全局温和解，覆盖硬势与软势，克服了多项式时间衰减的困难。
We propose a new spectral Lagrangian based deterministic solver for the non-linear Boltzmann Transport Equation for Variable Hard Potential (VHP) collision kernels with conservative or non-conservative binary interactions. The method is based on symmetries of the Fourier transform of the collision integral, where the complexity in its computing is reduced to a separate integral over the unit sphere $S^2$. In addition, the conservation of moments is enforced by Lagrangian constraints. The resulting scheme, implemented in free space is very versatile and adjusts in a very simple manner, to sever…
Three-dimensional time-periodic problem on the Boltzmann equation with external force
本文研究了三维全空间中Boltzmann方程在时间周期性外力作用下的问题，证明了在特定函数空间下，小外力条件下时间周期性解的存在性与稳定性。
Pulvirenti and Toscani introduced an equation which extends the Kac caricature of a Maxwellian gas to inelastic particles. We show that the probability distribution, solution of the relative Cauchy problem, converges weakly to a probability distribution if and only if the symmetrized initial distribution belongs to the standard domain of attraction of a symmetric stable law, whose index $α$ is determined by the so-called degree of inelasticity, $p>0$, of the particles: $α=\frac{2}{1+p}$. This result is then used: (1) To state that the class of all stationary solutions coincides with that of al…
We study the Boltzmann equation for a space-homogeneous gas of inelastic hard spheres, with a diffusive term representing a random background forcing. Under the assumption that the initial datum is a nonnegative $L^2$ function, with bounded mass and kinetic energy (second moment), we prove the existence of a solution to this model, which instantaneously becomes smooth and rapidly decaying. Under a weak additional assumption of bounded third moment, the solution is shown to be unique. We also establish the existence (but not uniqueness) of a stationary solution. In addition we show that the hig…
The study of quantum quasi-particles at low temperatures including their statistics, is a frontier area in modern physics. In a seminal paper F.D. Haldane proposed a definition based on a generalization of the Pauli exclusion principle for fractional quantum statistics. The present paper is a study of quantum quasi-particles obeying Haldane statistics in a fully non-linear kinetic Boltzmann equation model with large initial data on a torus. Strong L1 solutions are obtained for the Cauchy problem. The main results concern existence, uniqueness and stability. Depending on the space dimension and…
We develop error estimates for the semi-discrete conservative spectral method for the approximation of the elastic and inelastic space homogeneous Boltzmann equation introduced by the authors in \cite{GT09}. In addition we study the long time convergence of such semi-discrete solution to equilibrium Maxwellian distribution that conserves the mass, momentum and energy associated to the initial data. The numerical method is based on the Fourier transform of the collisional operator and a Lagrangian optimization correction that enforces the collision invariants, namely conservation of mass, momen…
Future global existence of homogeneous solutions to the Einstein-Boltzmann system with soft potentials
该研究针对带软势的Einstein-Boltzmann系统的宇宙学柯西问题，在Bianchi I对称与正宇宙学常数假设下，通过新权函数结合Illner-Shinbrot方法，证明了哈勃初值接近临界值时空间齐次解的未来全局存在性与渐近行为。
Multiscale Splitting method for Boltzmann-Poisson Equation: Application for Dynamic of Electrons
本文提出一种基于简化Boltzmann方程耦合Poisson方程的电子动力学模型，通过设计分裂方法求解，并利用数值实验讨论方法性能。
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