This paper is to study the inelastic Boltzmann equation without Grad's angular cutoff assumption, where the well-posedness theory of the solution to the initial value problem is established for the Maxwellian molecules in a space of probability measure defined by Cannone-Karch in [Comm. Pure. Appl. Math. 63 (2010), 747-778] via Fourier transform and the infinite energy solutions are not a priori excluded as well. Meanwhile, the geometric relation of the inelastic collision mechanism is introduced to handle the strong singularity of the non-cutoff collision kernel. Moreover, we extend the self-similar solution to the Boltzmann equation with infinite energy shown by Bobylev-Cercignani in [J. Stat. Phy. 106 (2002), 1039-1071] to the inelastic case by a constructive approach, which is also proved to be the large-time asymptotic steady solution with the help of asymptotic stability result in a certain sense.
The Cauchy problem for the inelastic Boltzmann equation is studied for small data. Existence and uniqueness of mild and weak solutions is obtained for sufficiently small data that lies in the space of functions bounded by Maxwellians. The technique used to derive the result is the well known iteration process of Kaniel and Shinbrot.
We show the existence of smooth stationary solutions for the inelastic Boltzmann equation under the thermalization induced by a host-medium with a fixed distribution. This is achieved by controlling the Lp-norms, the moments and the regularity of the solutions for the Cauchy problem together with arguments related to a dynamical proof for the existence of stationary states.
The goal of this paper is to extend the existence result of measure-valued solution to the Boltzmann equation in elastic interaction, given by Morimoto-Wang-Yang, to the inelastic Boltzmann equation with moderately soft potentials, also as an extensive work of our preceding result in the inelastic Maxwellian molecules case. We prove the existence and uniqueness of measure-valued solution under Grad's angular cutoff assumption, as well as the existence of non-cutoff solution, for both finite and infinite energy initial datum, by a delicate compactness argument. In addition, the moments propagat…
We prove uniqueness of self-similar profiles for the one-dimensional inelastic Boltzmann equation with moderately hard potentials, that is with collision kernel of the form | $\bullet$ | $γ$ for $γ$ > 0 small enough (explicitly quantified). Our result provides the first uniqueness statement for self-similar profiles of inelastic Boltzmann models allowing for strong inelasticity besides the explicitly solvable case of Maxwell interactions (corresponding to $γ$ = 0). Our approach relies on a perturbation argument from the corresponding Maxwell model through a careful study of the associated line…
We consider the spatially inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard-spheres, with constant restitution coefficient $α\in(0,1)$, under the thermalization induced by a host medium with a fixed Maxwellian distribution and any fixed $e\in(0,1]$. When the restitution coefficient $α$ is close to 1 we prove existence and uniqueness of global solutions considering the close-to-equilibrium regime. We also study the long-time behaviour of these solutions and prove a convergence to equilibrium with an exponential rate.
We consider the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard spheres, in the framework of so-called constant normal restitution coefficients. We prove the existence of self-similar solutions, and we give pointwise estimates on their tail. We also give general estimates on the tail and the regularity of generic solutions. In particular we prove Haff 's law on the rate of decay of temperature, as well as the algebraic decay of singularities. The proofs are based on the regularity study of a rescaled problem, with the help of the regularity properties of the gain part of the Boltzm…
We develop the Cauchy theory of the spatially homogeneous inelastic Boltzmann equation for hard spheres, for a general form of collision rate which includes in particular variable restitution coefficients depending on the kinetic energy and the relative velocity as well as the sticky particles model. We prove (local in time) non-concentration estimates in Orlicz spaces, from which we deduce weak stability and existence theorem. Strong stability together with uniqueness and instantaneous appearance of exponential moments are proved under additional smoothness assumption on the initial datum, fo…
We study the high-energy asymptotics of the steady velocity distributions for model systems of granular media in various regimes. The main results obtained are integral estimates of solutions of the hard-sphere Boltzmann equations, which imply that the velocity distribution functions $f(v)$ behave in a certain sense as $C\exp(-r|v|^s)$ for $|v|$ large. The values of $s$, which we call {\em the orders of tails}, range from $s=1$ to $s=2$, depending on the model of external forcing. The method we use is based on the moment inequalities and careful estimating of constants in the integral form of …
N.N. Bogolyubov discovered that the Boltzmann-Enskog kinetic equation has microscopic solutions. They have the form of sums of delta-functions and correspond to trajectories of individual hard spheres. But the rigorous sense of the product of the delta-functions in the collision integral was not discussed. Here we give a rigorous sense to these solutions by introduction of a special regularization of the delta-functions. The crucial observation is that the collision integral of the Boltzmann-Enskog equation coincides with that of the first equation of the BBGKY hierarchy for hard spheres if th…
This paper is concerned with the existence, shape and dynamical stability of infinite-energy equilibria for a general class of spatially homogeneous kinetic equations in space dimensions $d \geq 3$. Our results cover in particular Bobylëv's model for inelastic Maxwell molecules. First, we show under certain conditions on the collision kernel, that there exists an index $α\in(0,2)$ such that the equation possesses a nontrivial stationary solution, which is a scale mixture of radially symmetric $α$-stable laws. We also characterize the mixing distribution as the fixed point of a smoothing transf…
We study, both analytically and numerically, the Boltzmann transport equation for the Hubbard chain with nearest neighbor hopping and spatially homogeneous initial condition. The time-dependent Wigner function is matrix-valued because of spin. The H-theorem holds. The nearest neighbor chain is integrable which, on the kinetic level, is reflected by infinitely many additional conservation laws and linked to the fact that there are also non-thermal stationary states. We characterize all stationary solutions. Numerically, we observe an exponentially fast convergence to stationarity and investigat…
The standard Fermi-Hubbard chain becomes non-integrable by adding to the nearest neighbor hopping additional longer range hopping amplitudes. We assume that the quartic interaction is weak and investigate numerically the dynamics of the chain on the level of the Boltzmann type kinetic equation. Only the spatially homogeneous case is considered. We observe that the huge degeneracy of stationary states in case of nearest neighbor hopping is lost and the convergence to the thermal Fermi-Dirac distribution is restored. The convergence to equilibrium is exponentially fast. However for small n.n.n. …
In this paper, we provide the first rigorous derivation of hydrodynamic equations from the Boltzmann equation for inelastic hard spheres with small inelasticity. The hydrodynamic system that we obtain is an incompressible Navier-Stokes-Fourier system with self-consistent forcing terms and is thus the first hydrodynamic system that properly describes rapid granular flows. To do that, we write our Boltzmann equation in nondimensional form introducing the dimensionless Knudsen number which is intended to tend to 0. The difficulties are then manyfold, the first one coming from the fact that the or…
We consider the $n$-dimensional space homogeneous Boltzmann equation for elastic collisions for variable hard potentials with Grad (angular) cutoff. We prove sharp moment inequalities, the propagation of $L^1$-Maxwellian weighted estimates, and consequently, the propagation $L^\infty$-Maxwellian weighted estimates to all derivatives of the initial value problem associated to the afore mentioned problem. More specifically, we extend to all derivatives of the initial value problem associated to this class of Boltzmann equations corresponding sharp moment (Povzner) inequalities and time propagati…
We propose a new spectral Lagrangian based deterministic solver for the non-linear Boltzmann Transport Equation for Variable Hard Potential (VHP) collision kernels with conservative or non-conservative binary interactions. The method is based on symmetries of the Fourier transform of the collision integral, where the complexity in its computing is reduced to a separate integral over the unit sphere $S^2$. In addition, the conservation of moments is enforced by Lagrangian constraints. The resulting scheme, implemented in free space is very versatile and adjusts in a very simple manner, to sever…
We prove the so-called generalized Haff's law yielding the optimal algebraic cooling rate of the temperature of a granular gas described by the homogeneous Boltzmann equation for inelastic interactions with non constant restitution coefficient. Our analysis is carried through a careful study of the infinite system of moments of the solution to the Boltzmann equation for granular gases and precise Lp estimates in the selfsimilar variables. In the process, we generalize several results on the Boltzmann collision operator obtained recently for homogeneous granular gases with constant restitution …
We study the Boltzmann equation for a space-homogeneous gas of inelastic hard spheres, with a diffusive term representing a random background forcing. Under the assumption that the initial datum is a nonnegative $L^2$ function, with bounded mass and kinetic energy (second moment), we prove the existence of a solution to this model, which instantaneously becomes smooth and rapidly decaying. Under a weak additional assumption of bounded third moment, the solution is shown to be unique. We also establish the existence (but not uniqueness) of a stationary solution. In addition we show that the hig…
In this paper we study the behavior of a class of mild solutions of the homogeneous and isotropic bosonic Boltzmann-Nordheim equation near the blow-up. We obtain some estimates on the blow-up rate of the solutions and prove that, as long as a solution is bounded above by the critical singularity 1/x (the equilibrium solutions behave like this power law near the origin), it remains bounded in the uniform norm. In the last section of the paper, we also prove a local existence result for a class of measure-valued mild solutions, which allows us to solve the Boltzmann-Nordheim equation for some cl…
We develop error estimates for the semi-discrete conservative spectral method for the approximation of the elastic and inelastic space homogeneous Boltzmann equation introduced by the authors in \cite{GT09}. In addition we study the long time convergence of such semi-discrete solution to equilibrium Maxwellian distribution that conserves the mass, momentum and energy associated to the initial data. The numerical method is based on the Fourier transform of the collisional operator and a Lagrangian optimization correction that enforces the collision invariants, namely conservation of mass, momen…
We show the propagation of regularity, uniformly in time, for the scaled solutions of the inelastic Maxwell model for small inelasticity. This result together with the weak convergence towards the homogenous cooling state present in the literature implies the strong convergence in Sobolev norms and in the $L^1$ norm towards it depending on the regularity of the initial data. The strategy of the proof is based on a precise control of the growth of the Fisher information for the inelastic Boltzmann equation. Moreover, as an application we obtain a bound in the $L^1$ distance between the homogene…
