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arXiv 0803.0138astro-ph
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小颗粒和多环芳烃的化学速率:C^+蒸发和H_2生成

Chemical Rates on Small Grains and PAHs: C^+ Recombination and H_2 Formation

Mark G. Wolfire, A. G. G. M. Tielens, David Hollenbach, Michael J. Kaufman

摘要:

我们利用观测银河平面内沿视线方向的CI、CII、HI和H_2柱密度来确定H_2在颗粒上的形成速率和与多环芳烃的化学反应速率。光解区域模型用于找到与所观察的柱的最佳拟合参数。结果表明,颗粒上的H_2生成速率沿视线方向较低(R ~ 1 × 10^(-17)cm^(3)s^(-1)),颗粒上的柱密度(A_V < 0.25)和分子分数(f_(H_2)< 10^(-4))也较低。在较高的柱密度下(0.25 < A_V <2.13),我们发现R ~ 3.5 × 10 ^(-17)cm^(3)s^(-1)。在低柱密度下较低的速率可能是星际激波对颗粒进行加工的结果,星际激波可能会耗尽颗粒的表面积或加工H +H形成的位点,从而抑制H_2的产生。或者,形成速率可能是正常的,低分子部分可能是视线掠过较大云层的结果。这样的视线将有一个减少的H_2自屏蔽相比,视线列。我们发现反应C^+ +PAH^-> C + PAH ^0的最佳拟合速率为2.4 x 10^(-7)Φ_PAH T_2^(-0.5)cm^(3)s^(-1),其中T_2= T/100 K;反应C^+ + PAH ^0--> C + PAH^+的最佳拟合速率为8.8 x 10^(-9)Φ_PAH cm^(3)s^(-1)。在高柱密度气体中,我们发现Φ_PAH ~ 0.4。在低柱密度气体中,Φ_PAH的约束较弱,Φ_PAH约为0.2 - 0.4。

英文摘要:

We use observations of the CI, CII, HI, and H_2 column densities along lines of sight in the Galactic plane to determine the formation rate of H_2 on grains and to determine chemical reaction rates with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Photodissociation region models are used to find the best fit parameters to the observed columns. We find the H_2 formation rate on grains has a low rate (R ~ 1 x 10^(-17) cm^(3) s^(-1)) along lines of sight with low column density (A_V < 0.25) and low molecular fraction (f_(H_2) < 10^(-4)). At higher column densities (0.25 < A_V <2.13), we find a rate of R ~ 3.5x10^(-17) cm^(3) s^(-1). The lower rate at low column densities could be the result of grain processing by interstellar shocks which may deplete the grain surface area or process the sites of H +H formation, thereby inhibiting H_2 production. Alternatively, the formation rate may be normal, and the low molecular fraction may be the result of lines of sight which graze larger clouds. Such lines of sight would have a reduced H_2 self-shielding compared to the line-of-sight column. We find the reaction C^+ +PAH^- --> C + PAH^0 is best fit with a rate 2.4 x 10^(-7) Φ_PAH T_2^(-0.5) cm^(3) s^(-1) with T_2= T/100 K and the reaction C^+ + PAH^0 --> C + PAH^+ is best fit with a rate 8.8x 10^(-9)Φ_PAH cm^(3) s^(-1). In high column density gas we find Φ_PAH ~ 0.4. In low column density gas, Φ_PAH is less well constrained with Φ_PAH ~ 0.2 - 0.4.

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