氢原子在低温表面物理吸附的扩散
Recombination of atomic Hydrogen physisorbed on low-temperature Surfaces
摘要：
使用低温测辐射热计作为（能量）探测器的分子束实验非常适合于研究氢在低温表面上的物理吸附和复合。这种技术与质谱相结合，以检查从表面释放的原子和分子的实验进行了总结和审查，参考天体物理学的影响。物理吸附在多晶水冰上的氢原子具有足够的移动性，即使在低至3 K的表面温度下也能有效地复合。分子形成时具有相当大的内能，可能在35000 K的量级，并且在形成时立即释放。分子氢的覆盖在决定总的复合效率方面起着重要的作用，并且可以自我调节星际云中的复合：在无氢的晶粒上，复合受到氢原子的低粘附系数的限制，而在被分子氢覆盖的晶粒上，结合能降低，使得复合受到物理吸附原子的快速蒸发的限制。
英文摘要：
Molecular beam experiments that use low-temperature bolometers as (energy-) detectors are well suited to the study of physisorption and recombination of hydrogen on low-temperature surfaces. Experiments where this technique is combined with mass spectrometry to examine atoms and molecules released from the surface are summarised and reviewed with reference to astrophysical implications. Hydrogen atoms physisorbed on polycrystalline water ice are shown to be sufficiently mobile to recombine efficiently even at surface temperatures as low as 3 K. Molecules are formed with substantial internal energy, probably of the order of 35000 K, and are immediately released when formed. Coverage by molecular hydrogen plays an important role in determining overall recombination efficiency and may self-regulate recombination in interstellar clouds: on hydrogen-free grains recombination is limited by the low sticking coefficient of hydrogen atoms, while on grains covered by molecular hydrogen the binding energy is reduced so that recombination is limited by the rapid evaporation of physisorbed atoms.
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