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arXiv 0802.3731nucl-th
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质子的非球对称性:存在性、测量和计算

Non-Spherical Shapes of the Proton: Existence, Measurement and Computation

Gerald A. Miller

摘要:

质子波函数的性质可以通过研究自旋相关的夸克密度算符SDD的矩阵元来阐明,SDD定义为具有确定自旋极化的质子态的密度算符的矩阵元。它们有无数种非球形的形状。SDDs的矩阵元与特定的横向动量相关TMD部分子分布密切相关,这些分布可以在某些半包含过程的角度依赖性中获得。新的测量将允许直接展示质子的非球形性质。TMD可以用格点量子色动力学计算,这样非球形的形状最终可以用实验测量和基础理论计算。

英文摘要:

The nature of the proton wave function can be elucidated by studying the matrix elements of spin-dependent quark density operators SDDs, defined as matrix elements of density operators in proton states of definite spin-polarization. These have an infinite variety of non-spherical shapes. The matrix elements of the SDDs are closely related to specific transverse momentum dependent TMD parton distributions accessible in the angular dependence of certain semi-inclusive processes. New measurements would allow the direct exhibition of the non-spherical nature of the proton. The TMDs can be computed using lattice QCD so that the non-spherical shapes could eventually be measured experimentally and computed using fundamental theory.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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